滨州市1984～2001年流行性出血热流行动态及其影响因素的分析

目的分析研究本地区流行性出血热流行动态和相关的影响因素，为防治计划的制订提供科学依据。方法对18年来的疫情动态进行分析，与鼠密度、温度、湿度、降雨量及人均收入、习俗、生活卫生状况等进行相关分析。结果1984年发现首例病人至2001年共发病4589例，病死29例；发病最小年龄3岁，最大年龄86岁；7—9岁的儿童发病率最高，其次是10—34岁的青少年及壮年；男性发病率是女性的2．10倍；农民发病率最高，其次是工人(包括打工)；3—6月是高发期，8—10月是低发期；18年间有流行期和非流行期，发病率的高低与人们的户外活动的多少有关，与鼠密度的大小和鼠活动的习性有关；人们不良习俗、生活卫生状况亦是造成发病率升高的一个重要原因。结论实施的以灭鼠为主的预防措施不能从根本上控制疫倩的流行。疫苗接种能起到有效的免疫屏障作用。今后实施以疫苗接种和灭鼠为主的综合性防治措施，就会取得有效控制的效果。

Dynamics and Affect Factors of Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever in Binzhou from 1984 to 2001

Objective To analyze the dynamics and the affecting factors of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(EHF)in Binzhou,so as to provide scientific data for preventing EHF Methods Epidemic situation of recent 18 years was analyzed as well as the mouse density,temperature,humidity,rainfall and incomes,custom,lifestyle Results The first patient was diagnosed in 1984,and since then there were 4589 patients totally,among them 29 died The youngest was 3 yr old and the oldest patient was 86 yr The incidence rate of children aged 7-9 years old was highest,and the rate of people aged from 10 to 34 was the second The incidence rate of male was 2 10 times as rate of female Incidence rate of peasants was the highest in all occupations,followed by workers(including casual laborers) Most patients occurred during March to June by contraries August to October was the lowest period Incidence rate of southern area was 4 52 times as northern areas There were epidemic and non-epidemic periods during this 18 years The change of incidence rate was correlate with outdoor work,mouse density and living habit of mouse Bad living habit of people and bad hygienic situation were primary factors of EHF Conclusion It is impossible to eradicate EHF through deratize,so it is necessary conducting the comprehensive measure of bacterin inoculability and deratize