混合性痴呆与血管性痴呆的临床特点对比分析

【目的】提高对混合痴采（MD）和血管性痴呆（VD）二者的鉴别能力。【方法】MD患者与VD患者各60例，对两组患者进行检查，分析比较其神经心理及影像学的不同表现及特点。【结果】轻度痴呆患者长谷川氏痴呆评定量表检查中，远记忆、近记忆计算力、识记评分中，MI）组显著低于VD组（P〈O．01）；轻度痴呆患者BEHAVE—AD评定量表痴呆的心理和行为症状严重程度比较中，MD组行为紊乱及情感障碍明显较VD组严重（P〈0．01）；两组患者影像学检查对比，MD组的外侧裂、脑沟较VD组明显增宽，脑叶的局灶性病灶出现率显著高于VD组，3、4级脑白质疏松出现率显著低于VD组。【结论]MD及VD病人的神经心理及影像学改变各有其特点，据此有助于两种疾病的鉴别。

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Between Mixed Dementia and Vascular Dementia

Objective]To improve the ability to identify mixed dementia（MD） and vascular dementia（VD）. Methods] Sixty MD patients and 60 VD patients were examined. Different manifestations and characteristics of neuropsychological and imaging were analyzed and compared. Results] The scores of remote memory, recent memory, calculation and memorization of Hasegawa dementia scale in the mild MD group were significantly lower than those in mild VD group（ P 〈0. 01）. The conduct disorder and affective disorder of BEHAVE rating scale for assessing the severity of psychological and behavior symptoms in mild MI） group were significantly severer than those in mild VD group（ P （0.01）. In comparison of the imaging examination, cerebral lateral fissure and sulcus in MD group were significantly wider than those in VD group. The occurrence rate of focal brain lobe lesion in MD group was significant higher than that in VD group, and the occurrence rate of leukoaraio- sis at 3 and 4 level in MD group was significantly lower that in VD group. Conclusion] The neuropsychological and imaging changes of MD and VD patients have their own characteristics. Understanding the difference between them is helpful for distinguishing the two diseases.