1999至2001年广州地区临床常见肠杆菌科细菌耐药性监测结果分析

目的 了解临床分离常见肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性。方法 统一采用纸片扩散法进行实验，以美国NCCLS文件为判断标准，每次监测均有质控数据。结果 共有11家广州市三级甲等医院实验室参加耐药性监测，三年共统计临床常见肠杆菌科细菌3147株。结论 对肠杆菌科细菌，亚胺培南的耐药率最低，可考虑为临床首选药物，阿米卡星、头孢他啶耐药率相对较低，可选择用药。庆大霉素的耐药率有逐年下降的趋势，将来可能成为临床一线药。而磺胺甲噁唑／甲氧苄啶、四环素、萘啶酸等耐药率相对较高，应慎用。氨节西林的耐药率很高，应避免使用。

Surveillance analysis of drug resistance of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated from eleven hospital in Guangzhou during 1999～2001

Objective To investigate the drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae bacteria isolated from clinical laboratory. Method The disk diffusion methods was used and surveillance was anlayzed according to the standard of NCCLS with control data. Results Total 3147 Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were isolated from eleven hospital during three years. Conclusion For Enterobacteriaceae bacteria the resistant rate to imipenem was the lowest, it would be the first selective drug in clinical therapy. The resistant rate to amikacin and ceftazidime was much lower than the average, they could also be selected. The resistant rate to gentemicin was going down in these years, it might also be selected in the future. But the resistant rate to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and nalidixic acid were considerably high, they should be carefully used in therapy. The resistant rate to ampicillin was the highest, it should not be used in therapy.