维吾尔族与汉族女性早发冠心病患者临床及冠状动脉造影特征比较

目的探讨维吾尔族与汉族女性早发冠心病患者危险因素及冠状动脉病变的差异。方法回顾性分析490例患者(年龄≤55岁)的病例资料,从冠状动脉血管优势型、病变部位、病变支数、病变分型、病变狭窄程度加以分析研究。结果维吾尔族糖尿病发生率高于汉族,而高血压发生率低于汉族(P<0.05)。维吾尔族左回旋支病变率及三支病变率明显高于汉族(53.8%比34.0%和30.3%比14.0%,P<0.01);而单支病变率明显低于汉族(45.5%比67.0%,P<0.01)。两组患者A型病变率最高,维吾尔族A型病变发生率低于汉族(55.9%比72.0%,P<0.001),而B型病变率高于汉族(27.6%比16.0%,P<0.05)。Gensini总积分维吾尔族明显高于汉族(33.8±28.6比21.5±19.5,P<0.01)。结论维汉女性早发冠心病患者危险因素存在差异,维吾尔族患者主要危险因素是糖尿病,而汉族患者是高血压。维吾尔族患者冠状动脉病变比汉族患者严重。

The Comparison of Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics Between Uygur and Han Nationality Female Patients with Premature Coronary Heart Disease

Aim To explore difference of risk factors and coronary artery lesion between Han nationality and Uygur nationality female patients with premature coronary heart disease. Methods 490 case of female patients(age≤55 years) clinical data were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital.The coronary artery lesions were evaluated by the dominant type of coronary vessel,location,count,type and Gensini scores. Results Compared with the Han group,Uygur group had higher prevalence rate of diabetes,but lower prevalence rate of hypertension(P<0.05).The incidences of left circumflex branch and three-vessel lesion were significantly higher in uygur group than those of Han group(53.8% vs 34.0%,P<0.01;30.3% vs 14.0%,P<0.01),and the incidences of single-vessel lesion were lower(45.5% vs 67.0%,P<0.01).The rate of type A was the highest in both Han and Uygur groups.Compared with the Han group,the rate of type A was lower(55.9% vs 72.0%,P<0.001),and the rate of type B was higher in Uygur group(27.6% vs 16.0%,P<0.05).Gensini scores of Uyger group was significantly higher than that of Han group(33.8±28.6 vs 21.5±19.5,P<0.01). Conclusion The main risk factors of female premature coronary heart disease are different between Uygur patients and Han patients,diabetes is the main risk factor in Uygur patients,while hypertension in the Han patients.Severity of coronary artery lesions in Uygur patients is significantly more serious than that in Han patients.