高度近视全阈值静态中心视野改变的相关研究

目的探讨高度近视全阈值静态中心视野损害与屈光度、眼轴、年龄及后极部眼底病变间的关系。方法应用DICON TKS-5000型自动视野分析仪对36例(70眼)高度近视患者进行全阈值静态中心300视野检查并观察其眼底后极部改变,同时以低中度近视作为对照。结果高度近视眼呈现各种形态的视野改变,70眼中61眼(87.1%)视野异常,其中42眼(60%)生理盲点扩大,黄斑中心相对暗点40眼(57.1%),弥漫性损害18眼(25.7%),视野损害以颞侧明显。视野改变的形态、程度与眼底后极部改变的形态不完全对应。高度近视眼黄斑中心相对暗点出现早于眼底镜下黄斑部病变。结论高度近视中心视野损害与屈光度、眼轴、年龄及后极部眼底改变有关,高度近视视野改变早于眼底镜下眼底改变。全阈值静态中心视野检查对高度近视的诊断及全面评价具有指导意义。

The Correlative Studies on Automated Static Central Visual Fields in High Myopia

Objective To study the correlation between changes of static central visual fields and the refractive degree,axial length,age,the ocular posterior polar lesions in high myopia.Methods The static central visual field were measured by DICON TKS-5000 Field Analyzer and posterior polar lesions in 36 cases(70 eyes)with high myopia were investigated.Cases with low and moderate degrees of myopia were recruited as controls at the same time.Results The changes of visual field were various.Among 70 eyes of high myopia,61 eyes(87.1%) showed field abnormalities;Enlargement of the blind spot occurred in 42 eyes(60%);central relative scotomata occurred in 40 eyes(57.1%) and diffuse field defects occurred in 18 eyes(25.7%).The temporal hemifield appeared to be the most affected.The form and degree of changes of visual field were not corresponding with the form of changes of posterior polar lesions.The appearance of central relative scotomata in high myopia eyes detected by a quantified automated perimetry was prior to the appearance of macular lesions seen under an ophthalmoscope.Conclusion The central visual field defects are present in the high myopia eyes and they are related to the refractive degree of high myopia,the axial length,the age of the patients and the severity of the posterior polar lesion.The quantified automated static central visual field examination is a common and crucial way to the high myopia and with the instructive significance to the diagnosis and estimation of high myopia.