骨髓间充质干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死的应用与前景

文题释义： 骨髓间充质干细胞修复股骨头坏死：骨髓间充质干细胞是来源于中胚层的具有多向分化潜能的干细胞，单个细胞呈纺锤状或者梭形，整体呈菊花状或同心圆状排列。骨髓间充质干细胞具有增殖和分化特性，使其在股骨头再生领域脱颖而出。促进骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化同时抑制其成脂分化是目前治疗股骨头坏死的关键。 股骨头坏死：股骨头坏死是一个病理演变过程，初始发生在股骨头的负重区，应力作用下坏死骨骨小梁结构发生损伤即显微骨折以及随后针对损伤骨组织的修复过程。造成骨坏死的原因不消除，修复不完善，损伤-修复的过程继续，导致股骨头结构改变、股骨头塌陷、变形、关节炎症、功能障碍。 背景：股骨头坏死为骨科常见的致残性进展性疾病，其病情发展难以逆转，最终导致髋关节功能丧失，严重影响患者的生活质量。 目的：对骨髓间充质干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死的研究进展做一综述。 方法：以“BMSCs，ONFH”为关键词检索PubMed英文数据库，以“骨髓间充质干细胞、股骨头坏死”为关键词检索CNKI、万方中文数据库。检索时限为2001年1月至2019年4月，排除与文章研究目的无关及重复性文章，纳入符合标准的42篇文献进行综述。 结果与结论：骨髓间充质干细胞潜在修复股骨头，不仅提供修复前体细胞，还分泌细胞因子和生长因子，启动股骨头内细胞愈合过程。大量的实验与临床研究表明，骨髓间充质干细胞治疗早期股骨头坏死是一种可行的方法。 ORCID: 0000-0001-8205-0279(王田田) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

Application and prospect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of early femoral head necrosis

BACKGROUND:Femoral head necrosis is a common progressive disabling disease in orthopedics,and it is difficult to reverse disease progression.Eventually,the loss of hip function seriously impact patient’s quality of life.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of femoral head necrosis.METHODS:The PubMed,CNKI and WanFang databases were searched for relevant articles with the keywords of“bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,femoral head necrosis”in English and Chinese,respectively.The search time was from January 2001 to April 2019.Articles that were not related to the purpose of the research and repetitive articles were excluded,and 42 articles that met the criteria were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells potentially repair the femoral head,not only providing precursor cells,but also secreting cytokines and growth factors and initiating cell healing in the femoral head.A large number of experimental and clinical studies have proved that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are available for the treatment of early femoral head necrosis.