纤维支气管镜检查对肺癌诊断价值的探讨

目的：了解纤维支气管镜（纤支镜）对肺癌的检出率及镜下特征，以探讨其诊断价值。方法：回顾分析１９８３年～１９９７年的１４１６例纤支镜检查结果。结果：经纤维支气管镜检查和（或）活检，病理证实的肺癌４１６例，占同期支气管镜检查的２９４％。其中，可见直接征象（即管内肿物）２２９例（占５５０％），间接征象１８７例（占４５０％）。肺不张组中肺癌检出率较高，为１５３例（占５４６％）。结论：纤支镜检查是一种确实、可靠简便易行的方法，对肺癌检出率较高。鉴于目前肺癌发病率逐年增高，对于４０岁以上的可疑病例，尤其是肺不张伴咯血者，应尽早行纤支镜检查，便于早期诊断。

STUDY THE VALUE OF DIAGNOSIS LUNG CANCER BY BRONCHOSCOPY

Object:To understand the positive rate and features of the lung cancer using bronchoscopy and to investgate it's disgnosis value.Method:reviewed and analyzed 1 416 results of bronchoscopy between 1983 and 1997.Result:In the patients underwent bronchoscopy and (or) biopsy,416 cases were lung cancer confirmed by pathology,the proportion is 29.4% ,in which 229 cases (55.0%) with direct sign (tubular mass) and 187 cases (45.0%) with indtrect sign.The positive rate of lung cancer is much higher in group of atelectasis,examined by bronchoscopy,it is 153 cases (54.6%).Conclusion bronchoscopy was a reliable,simple and convenient diagnostic method,which had an exellent detection rate to lung cancer.Because of the increase of lung cancer,the patients with the age of older than 40 years,suspected lung cancer,especially atelectasis with hymoptysis,should be underwent bronchoscopy as easlier as possible,in order to be diagnosed earlier.