Lung ventilation and the physiology of breathing |
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| Authors: | Anna BarrowJaideep J. Pandit |
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| Affiliation: | Anna Barrow MBBS MA MRCP FRCA is an ST4 in Anaesthesia at Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK. Conflict of interest: none; Jaideep J Pandit MA BMBCH DPhil FRCA FFPMRCA is a Consultant Anaesthetist at Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK and Professor and Fellow, St John''s College, Oxford, UK. Conflict of interest: none |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
This article summarizes the anatomical features of the lungs, airway and thorax pertinent to the physiology of breathing and discusses chemoreceptor detection mechanisms, brainstem centres and relays involved in the control of breathing. We will discuss lung mechanics including spirometry, lung compliance, airway resistance and the role of surfactant and consider how these can be affected by disease states. It is recommended to revise principles of arterial blood gas analysis in addition to this article. |
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| Keywords: | Airway resistance breathing control of breathing compliance dead space flow volume loops perfusion spirometry surfactant VA/VQ mismatching ventilation |
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