天疱疮或大疱性类天疱疮合并单纯疱疹病毒感染8例临床特征及治疗分析题录

目的回顾分析天疱疮/大疱性类天疱疮(BP)合并单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)感染的临床特征及治疗方法。方法回顾分析2016—2021年在武汉市第一医院住院治疗的天疱疮/BP合并HSV感染病例的临床特征及治疗和随访情况。结果 8例天疱疮/BP合并HSV感染患者中, 男2例, 女6例, 年龄(50.6 ± 8.3)岁, 包括5例寻常型天疱疮, 1例落叶型天疱疮, 2例BP。7例合并HSV-1感染, 1例合并HSV-2感染。8例均因天疱疮或BP接受系统糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂治疗, 并对治疗抵抗入院, 其中7例表现为原发病灶加重或复发, 1例表现为全身皮损增加。HSV感染位于躯干4例, 口腔4例, 头皮3例, 面部2例。皮疹表现为不规则的糜烂面, 伴血痂, 部分为中央有脐凹的脓疱, 7例伴有皮疹处明显疼痛。发生HSV感染时, 6例天疱疮患者抗Dsg1抗体均下降, 5例寻常型天疱疮中4例抗Dsg3抗体下降;2例BP患者中1例抗BP180抗体降低, 1例升高。予足量足疗程抗病毒治疗(伐昔洛韦或更昔洛韦治疗7 ～ 14 d), 所有患者HSV感染均被控制, 自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病严重程度评分较抗病毒治疗前均...

Clinical characteristics and treatment of eight cases of pemphigus/bullous pemphigoid complicated by herpes simplex virus infection

【Abstract】 Objective To retrospectively analyze clinical characteristics and treatment of pemphigus/bullous pemphigoid （BP） complicated by herpes simplex virus （HSV） infection. Methods Inpatients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection were collected from Wuhan No.1 Hospital from 2016 to 2021, and their clinical characteristics, treatment and follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 8 patients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection, there were 2 males and 6 females, and their age was 50.6 ± 8.3 years. Five of them were diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris （PV）, 1 with pemphigus foliaceus （PF）, and 2 with BP. Seven were infected with HSV-1, and 1 with HSV-2. All the 8 patients were given systemic glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of pemphigus or BP, and were admitted to the hospital due to resistance to the treatment. Seven patients presented with exacerbation or recurrence of primary lesions, and 1 presented with enlarged lesions all over the body. HSV infection-induced lesions were located on the trunk in 4 cases, on the oral mucosa in 4, on the scalp in 3, and on the face in 2; lesions mainly manifested as irregular erosions with blood crusts, and some centrally umbilicated pustules; 7 patients had obvious pain at the lesional sites. During HSV infection, anti-desmoglein 1 antibody levels decreased in all the 6 patients with pemphigus, and anti-desmoglein 3 antibody levels decreased in 4 of the 5 patients with pemphigus vulgaris; anti-BP180 antibody levels decreased in 1 patient with BP, but increased in the other one with BP. After antiviral therapy at adequate doses for adequate durations （7- to 14-day treatment with valacyclovir alone or in combination with ganciclovir）, HSV infection was controlled, the autoimmune bullous skin disorder intensity scores decreased compared with those before the antiviral therapy, and pain was significantly relieved in all the patients. No dose adjustment of glucocorticoids or other immunosuppressive agents was made during antiviral therapy in all patients. Conclusion HSV infection should be considered when patients with pemphigus/BP suffer from recurrence or exacerbation and poorly respond to conventional treatment; for patients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection, systemic antiviral therapy at adequate doses can be used to control the disease condition without modifying the conventional immunosuppressive regimen.