臭氧暴露与儿童哮喘就诊人数相关性的Meta分析

目的 系统性评价臭氧暴露对儿童哮喘就诊人数的影响。方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊数据库、Pubmed、Embase、Cochrane 等数据库，以哮喘、臭氧、空气污染物、asthma、bronchial asthma、wheeze、respiratory tract allergy、ozone、O3、gaseous pollutants为检索词，检索从建库至2020年8月26日公开发表的文献，依据纳入标准和排除标准进行文献筛选。最终纳入文献使用Revman 5.4进行meta分析。结果 最终纳入文献14篇，meta分析结果显示，环境臭氧每上升10 μg/m3，哮喘儿童就诊人数平均增加1.33%。亚组分析结果显示哮喘儿童因臭氧暴露入院人数与急诊就诊人数基本一致，但急诊就诊受臭氧浓度影响更大。根据研究类型分析显示两种研究方法均支持儿童哮喘就诊人数与臭氧浓度呈正相关。结论 环境臭氧浓度上升可导致儿童哮喘就诊人数增加，且因臭氧暴露导致的急诊就诊人数高于入院就诊人数，降低环境臭氧浓度可有效减轻哮喘疾病负担。

Relationship between ozone exposure and asthma emergency room visits: a meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the association between ozone exposure and asthma related emergency visits. Methods Based on literature search in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and Viper database using asthma, ozone, air pollutants, asthma, bronchial asthma, wheeze, respiratory tract allergy, O3, and gaseous pollutants as search terms, we identified both time-series studies and case crossover studies as of August 26, 2020 and included 14 eligible studies in our analyses. The statistical analysis was performed with the use of Revman 5.4 software.Results A total of 14 studies were included, and the meta-analysis results showed that for every 10 μg/m3 increase in ambient ozone, there was an average increase of 1.33% in the number of asthmatic children attending the clinic. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the number of hospital admissions for children with asthma due to ozone exposure was generally consistent with the number of emergency room visits, but emergency room visits were more affected by ozone concentrations. Analysis by study type showed that both study methods supported a positive association between childhood asthma visits and ozone concentrations. Conclusion Increased ambient ozone concentrations can lead to increased asthma visits in children, and emergency department visits due to ozone exposure are higher than hospital admissions, and reducing ambient ozone concentrations can effectively reduce the burden of asthma disease.