典型饮茶型地区地方性氟中毒致病风险评价

目的建立饮茶型地方性氟中毒致病风险评价体系,通过风险评价,预测病情分布,分析致病因素,可以为风险控制策略的制定提供科学依据。方法通过归纳饮茶型地方性氟中毒的各种致病因素,描述环境中氟进入人体的途径;分别运用单因素和多因素分析法制定风险因子的评分标准和设置风险因子的指标权重,建立了风险评价体系。结果饮茶型地方性氟中毒典型地区-四川道孚县(藏族)和新疆乌鲁木齐县(哈萨克族)的综合风险评价指数K分别为3.23、3.18,均属较高风险区。结论在饮茶型地方性氟中毒高风险地区,在发展当地经济的同时,可以采取茶叶降氟、提高茶叶质量、改变饮茶习惯、改善营养结构等措施进行疾病预防,降低风险。

Pathogenic risk assessment of Chinese Drinking - Tea - Type Endemic Fluorine Disease

Objective Scientific basis for formulation of the risk control strategy can be offered by setting up the risk estimation system of drinking-tea-type endemic fluorosis,through risk estimation,disease distribution prediction,and factors analysis.Methods The way that fluorine invades into the human body was described through summarizing various pathogenic factors of the drinking-tea type fluorosis,setting up grading system by odd-factor analysis and index assessment by multi-factors analysis.Pathogenic risks in two areas were integrally analyzed based on risk-evaluation system.Results Daofu Tibetan County in Sichuan and Urumchi County of Xinjiang(Kazak) were chosen as two typical areas,the index of integrated assessment(K) were 3.23 and 3.18,both of which belonged to the high-risk areas. Conclusions Along with the economic development in these high-risk areas of drinking-tea type fluorosis,measures should be taken for disease prevention and risk decrease,such as lowering the amount of fluorine in the tea,increasing the tea quality,changing the tea-drinking hablit as well as improving the nutrition structure.