Antibody to cloned HSV glycoproteins B and D plus adult human leukocytes protect neonatal mice from lethal HSV infection

Antisera produced by HSV infection or following vaccination of guinea pigs with the cloned herpes simplex virus (HSV) glycoproteins gB and gD were compared for in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity and for in vivo protection. Antibody from guinea pigs was able to participate in ADCC with human mononuclear cells in vitro, anti-gBgD serum being equivalent to HSV convalescent sera. In vivo, each of the guinea pig sera was able to protect neonatal mice from a fatal HSV-1 infection when given with human mononuclear cells but not when given alone. The anti-gBgD serum was the most effective in vivo, protecting 15 of 17 (88%) neonatal mice when given at a 10⁻⁴ dilution with human mononuclear cells and was the only guinea pig serum protective at a 10⁻⁶ dilution (5 of 7 neonatal mice).