精神分裂症患者感知病耻感及与社会支持的相关研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的感知病耻感状况, 分析精神分裂症患者感知病耻感与社会支持之间的关系。方法运用Link 贬低-歧视感知量表 (Perceived Devaluation-Discrim-ination)、社会支持评定量表 (Social support Scale)对山东省某精神病院 208 例精神分裂症患者进行调查。结果精神分裂症患者的贬低-歧视感知得分为(2.63 ± 0.31)分,与量表中点 2.50 比较,差异具有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。不同婚姻状况、发病情况、病程、入院次数的患者,其感知病耻感比较,差异具有统计学意义(均 P < 0.01)。感知病耻感与社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度均呈负相关(均 P < 0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者具有较严重的感知病耻感,婚姻状况不良、病情复发、病程长、多次入院者尤为严重;患者感知病耻感程度与社会支持不足有关。应对精神分裂症患者的感知病耻感予以充分重视,消除人们对精神分裂症患者的歧视和偏见; 提高患者社会支持的利用度,促进患者全面康复。

Correlation between the perceived stigma of schizophrenic patients and social support

Objective To study the perceived stigma in schizophrenia and the relationship between the perceived stigma and social support.Method 208 schizophrenic patients in a psychiatric hospital in Shandong involved in the survey using the Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale by Link and the Social Support Rating Scale.Results The mean score of the Perceived Devaluation-Discrimination Scale was 2.63±0.31,significantly higher than the midpoint of 2.50（P 0.01）.The perceived stigma in the schizophrenic patients was significantly different in terms of marital status,pathogenic situation,diseased course and the hospitalization frequency（P 0.01）.The perceived stigma was negatively correlated to social support,subjective support,objective support and utility of support（all P 0.05）.Conclusions The schizophrenic patients suffer from high perceived stigma,particularly for those with poor marital status,relapse,longer duration of hospitalization and repeated hospitalizations.The perceived stigma needs our more concerns so as to diminish discrimination and bias against them,enhance their utility of social support and ultimately promote their general rehabilitation.