用复合PCR-RFLP检测胎儿ABO血型

目的:探讨用孕妇血浆中游离DNA检测胎儿ABO血型方法的可行性。方法:应用DNA提取试剂盒从46例9～22周孕妇血浆提取胎儿DNA,采用复合PCR-RFLP检测胎儿ABO血型,并用常规血清学方法检测母体及新生儿血型。结果:在46例样本中,产前检查能正确显示胎儿血型的有38例,总检出率为82.61%(38/46)。其中:①孕妇血型为O型,丈夫血型为A型:16例孕A血型胎儿,孕妇血浆中扩增出A基因13例,符合率为81.25%(13/16);②孕妇血型为O型,丈夫血型为B型:14例孕B血型胎儿,孕妇血浆中扩增出B基因11例,符合率为78.57%(11/14);③孕妇血型为O型,丈夫血型为O型:16例孕O血型胎儿,孕妇血浆中扩增出O基因14例,符合率为87.5%(14/16);以上均经婴儿出生后血清学检测证实胎儿血型。结论:用孕妇血浆中游离DNA检测胎儿ABO血型方法可行,对诊断和预防新生儿ABO血型不合性溶血病具有积极意义。

Detection of fetal ABO blood groups by multiplex PCR-RFLP

Objective:To explore the feasibility of plasma free DNA of pregnant women in detection of fetal ABO blood groups.Methods:The fetal DNA was extracted from 46 pregnant women of 9～22 gestational weeks by DNA extraction kit,and the fetal ABO blood groups were detected by multiplex PCR-RFLP; blood groups of mothers and neonates were detected by routine serological method.Results:Among 46 testing samples,fetal blood groups of 38 cases were indicated correctly by prenatal examination,the total detection rate was 82.61% (38/46); based on the results:①pregnant women of O group,husbands of A group:16 fetuses with A blood group were born,A gene was amplified in plasma of 13 pregnant women,the coincidence rate was 81.25%(13/16); ②pregnant women of O group,husbands of B group:14 fetuses with B blood group were born,B gene was amplified in plasma of 11 pregnant women,the coincidence rate was 78.57% (11/14); ③pregnant women of O group,husbands of O group:16 fetuses with O blood group were born,O gene was amplified in plasma of 14 pregnant women,the coincidence rate was 87.5 % (14/16); the above results were confirmed by serological test after birth.Conclusion:The method of fetal ABO blood groups detection based on detecting plasma free DNA of pregnant women is feasible,which plays an active role in diagnosis and prevention of neonatal hemolytic diseases.