一期前后路联合内固定治疗多节段颈椎骨折脱位

目的探讨一期前后联合入路内固定治疗颈椎多节段骨折脱位。方法对1997至2003年9例同时伴有颈椎前后柱损伤的颈椎多节段骨折脱位患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。其中男性8例,女性1例,年龄24-63岁。7例连续型损伤的病例均行前路减压植骨融合钢板内固定加后路椎板减压侧块螺钉钢板固定;2例Ⅱ型齿突骨折合并下颈椎骨折脱位的患者行前路齿突螺钉固定加下颈椎后方侧块螺钉固定。术前均行颅骨牵引,手术在全麻下操作。采用Frankel分级和ASIA运动指数评分评估患者的神经功能,其中Frankel A 4例,Frankel B 2例,Frankel C 2例,Frankel E 1例。ASIA运动指数评分平均为31．3分。术后平均随访2年7个月。结果随访患者获得满意的复位固定及融合,无手术并发症。无钢板螺钉松动或断裂。3例患者神经损伤有恢复,其中2例神经根功能恢复,1例脊髓功能恢复正常。ASIA运动指数评分平均为63．8分。结论一期前后路联合内固定的方法,短时间内使多节段颈椎损伤获得减压和稳定,最大限度地为神经功能的恢复创造了条件并便于早期功能锻炼,是可行的治疗颈椎多节段损伤的选择。

Single-stage combined anterior-posterior instrumentation for multiple level cervical spine fractures

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of single-stage combined anterior-posterior instrumentation for treatment of multiple level cervical spine fractures. METHODS: Nine patients with multiple-level fractures of the cervical spine, 8 males and 1 female aged 24 - 63, underwent ingle-stage combined anterior-posterior instrumentation. Seven patients with multiple contiguous fractures of the cervical spine were treated with anterior decompression and plating combined with posterior cervical lateral mass screw fixation; and 2 patients with non-contiguous cervical fractures, both with type II odontoid fracture and lower cervical fracture, were treated with both anterior odontoid screw and posterior cervical lateral mass screw fixation. Cranioskeletal traction with a weight of 5 kg was done before the operation. Follow-up was conducted for 31 months. ASIA motor scores were used to evaluate the neural function. RESULTS: Satisfactory reduction and fusion were obtained without any complication, and the neural function was improved. Nerve root function recovered in two patients and one patient's spinal cord function became normal. The average ASIA score was 63.8. CONCLUSION: A feasible option in the treatment of multiple level cervical spinal fractures, single-stage combined anterior-posterior instrumentation provides decompression and stabilization in a short time and helps the neural function to recover.