307例抗酸染色阳性病例的临床分析

目的通过对307例抗酸染色阳性病例的临床分析．探讨结核病的发病率及流行趋势．为结核病的防治提供流行病学依据。方法统计2003年1月～2005年12月我院所做抗酸染色的全部病例，结合病例的临床资料．获得近年来结核痛的发病率及其流行趋势变化。结果3年共做抗酸染色14060例．阳性307例．阳性率为2、18％．2003、2004和200j年的阳性检出率分别为1．12％（55／3876）、2．14％（98／4580）、2．75％（154／5604）．经统计学分析差异有统计学意义．P〈0．05。其中．经临床及实验室确诊为免疫功能受损或低下患者1151例．抗酸染色阳性55例，阳性率为4．78％．2003、2004和2005年的阳性率分别为2．83／（9／318）、4．76％（17／357）、6．09％（29／476），统计学分析差异有统计学意义．P〈0．01。结论结核杆菌的感染率呈逐年上升趋势．尤其是免疫功能受损或低下患者的感染率明显上升．结核病的防治将面临严重的挑战。

Clinical analysis of positive cases of acid-fast stain in 307 patients

Objective To provide epidemiological data for controlling of tuberculosis by analyzing of positive cases of acid-fast stain in 307 patients and observing its disease incidence and changes of epidemical tendency.Methods Total of clinical cases with acid-fast stain were recruited into the statistical analysis from January 2003 to December 2005 in Xinqiao Hospital,and combined together its clinical data for obtaining the disease incidence and changes of epidemical tendency to tuberculosis.Results 307 cases of positive stain for acid-fast bacilli were detected and the total positive rates was 2.18% out of 14 060 patients,and in 2003,2004,2005 year was 1.42%(55/3876),2.14%(98/4580),2.75%(154/5604),respectively.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05) between their positive rates.55 cases of positive stain for acid-fast bacilli were detected and the total positive rates was 4.78% out of 1151 cases of immunocompromised hosts being diagnosed by clinic and laboratory,and in 2003,2004,2005 year was 2.83%(9/318),4.76%(17/357),6.09%(29/476),respectively.The differences were much statistically significant(P<0.01) between their positive rates.Conclusion The infection rate of Bacillus tuberculosis is adscendent tendency in the lately years,especially increased in patients of immunocompromised hosts.Controlling of tuberculosis will be faced with severe challenges.