手术医护人员职业暴露与防护

目的:了解手术医护人员职业暴露和自我防护情况,以便增强防护意识,采取防护措施。方法:采用问卷调查法,抽查手术医护人员12个月内职业暴露、防护等情况,进行调查分析。结果:123名手术人员中,做过上岗前体检的占40.7%,做过定期体检的占25.4%,接种过乙型肝炎疫苗的占48.0%;皮肤黏膜被患者血液或体液污染后能立即彻底清洁的占47.1%,预计接触患者血液或体液而戴手套的占30.5%;皮肤黏膜被患者血液、体液污染过的占100%;发生过锐器损伤的占86.2%。结论:手术人员职业暴露普遍,防护意识和措施不足,应加强手术医护人员的职业防护教育,增强防护意识,建立和强化防护制度,做好标准预防,规范技术操作。

Occupational exposure and protection of the operating theater personnel

Objective： To evaluate the current situation of the occupational exposure and protection of the operating theater personnel.Methods： The operating theater personnel were investigated about their occasions of occupational exposure and related protection measures within a 12-month period using questionnaire method.Results： Among 123 staff members,40.7% had physical check-ups before working in the operating room,25.4% had regular check-ups,and 48.0% received HBV vaccination;47.1% had their skin thoroughly cleaned immediately after exposure to patient＇s blood or secretions,30.5% wore gloves while expecting to contact patient＇s blood or secretions;100% had the experience of skin and mucosal exposure to patient＇s blood or secretions;86.2% had been stuck by sharp articles.Conclusion： Occupational exposure is quite prevalent for the operating theater personnel,and their awareness and protection is inadequate.We should strengthen the education,raise their awareness,set up regulations,take standard protection measures and standardize clinical practice.