北京市孕妇锌营养状况的研究

通过对270名孕妇锌营养状况的横断面研究,发现整个孕期血浆锌水平、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、血浆白蛋白水平逐渐降低;发锌在整个孕期无显著变化;血浆Cu/Zn比、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性在孕期呈逐渐升高趋势。以血浆锌<10.71μmol/L为标准,早、中、晚孕期锌缺乏的发生率分别为6.5％、20.2％、25.7％。膳食调查结果表明,北京孕妇每日膳食锌的摄入量仅为我国推荐的膳食营养素供给量(RDA)的60％左右,孕妇除维生素C及孕早期铁外,其它营养素均不同程度地低于RDA标准。并对孕期血浆锌水平降低的性质进行了讨论。

ZINC NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN BEIJING

Dietary intake and biochemical parameters of zinc nutritional status in 270 pregnant women and 44 nonpregnant women have been studied and the results were as follows: 1.Dietary zinc intake was about 60% of RDA in both groups.2.The mean plasma Zn concentration declined progressively during gestation; the mean SOD activities and plasma Cu/Zn and alkaline phosphatase activities increased progressively.3.The zinc nutritional status of pregnant women in Beijing was poor. Using plasma Zn concentration less than 10.71 μmol/l as a low limit, the incidence of zinc deficiency was 6.5%, 20.2% and 25.7% at each of three trimesters respectively.4.Plasma Zn concentration is more sensitive in evalution of nutritional status than hair Zn concentration. Plasma Cu/Zn could reflect zinc nutritional status. The mean SOD activities had similar trend with plasma Zn during pregnancy, and positive correlation with plasma Zn in second trimester (r= 0.2236,P<0.05), but it was not found in other trimester, so more work must be done on its value for assessing zinc nutritional status. As alkaline phosphatase of placental origin plays a major contribution in total plasma alkaline phosphatase activity during pregnancy, so it is not a good index for assessing zinc nutritional status of pregnant women.