老年人与中青年人涂阳肺结核临床与影像学特点分析

目的探讨老年人及中青年人肺结核的临床及影像学表现特点,以提高诊断水平。方法收集278例老年人（60-92岁）及415例中青年人（18-59岁）涂阳肺结核患者资料,综合分析其临床及影像学特征。结果老年组与中青年组相比,发热、咯血、胸痛、胸闷、厌食的发生率比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,病灶累及双侧肺老年组168例（60.43%）,中青年组170例（40.96%）;累及右肺下野老年组161例（57.91%）,中青年组141例（33.98%）;其中以纤维化病灶为主要表现者老年组169例（60.79%）,中青年组170例（40.96%）;差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论老年人肺结核在临床特点及X线表现上不同于青壮年,了解其临床及影像学表现特征有利于肺结核的早期诊断和治疗。

Clinical and image characteristic of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis between the elderly and young patients

Objective To detect the clinical and imaging characteristics of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis between the elderly and young patients in order to improve diagnosis.Methods The clinical and imaging characteristics of radiological photograph of 278 elderly(age range:60-92)and 415 young(age range:18-59) with confirmed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed.Results There was a significant difference in clinical symptoms such as fever,hemoptysis,chest pain,chest distress,anorexia(P<0.05),the lesions were distributed bilateral lung in 168 cases(60.43%)in elderly group,and in 170 cases(40.96%)in younger group.The lesions were found lower right lung in 161 cases(57.91%)in elderly group,and in 141 cases(33.98%)in younger group.Fibrosis as the predominant,manifestation was seen in 169 cases(60.79%)in elderly group,and in 170 cases(40.96%)in younger group.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly is different from young people in clinical and imaging characteristics,which may help clinicians to early diagnose and treat the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.