甘草种子与种苗质量分级标准研究

目的:研究甘草种子、种苗质量分级标准,为甘草药材规范化生产奠定基础。方法:以全国主产区所流通的甘草种子、种苗为样本,通过收集种子的发芽率、净度、含水量、千粒质量,种苗的根长、芦头直径和百株质量等指标信息,采用K-均值聚类分析法、标准差法、平均值法并结合生产实践对甘草种子、种苗进行分级,并开展田间栽培比较试验,对等级划分的合理性进行验证。结果:甘草种子质量等级划分为3个等级,各级甘草种子的千粒质量不低于8 g,含水量不低于10%,一级种子:发芽率≥90%,净度≥90%;二级种子:90%>发芽率≥85%,90%>净度≥85%;三级种子:85%>发芽率≥80%,85%>净度≥80%。甘草种苗质量等级划分为3个等级,一级种苗:根长≥45 cm,芦头直径≥0.8 cm,1.3 kg≤百株质量<0.8 kg;二级种苗:45 cm>根长≥35 cm,0.8 cm>芦头直径≥0.6 cm,0.8 kg≤百株质量<0.4 kg;三级种苗:35 cm>根长≥25 cm,0.6 cm>芦头直径≥0.4 cm,0.4 kg≤百株质量≤0.2 kg。结论:经验证,甘草种子、种苗质量等级划分合理,便于生产实践应用。

Establishment of Seed and Seedling Grading Standard of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.

Objective:To study quality grading standards of licorice seeds and seedlings for laying a foundation for the standardized production of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.Methods:G.uralensis seeds and seedlings circulating in the main producing areas of the country are used as samples,the germination rate,clarity,water content,1000-grain weight of the seed,the root length,the diameter of the reed head and the weight of the plant of the seedling were measured.The K-cluster analysis method,the standard deviation method,the average method and the production practice were used to classify the G.uralensis seed and seedling,and the field cultivation comparison experiment was carried out to verify the rationality of the classification.Results:The quality grade of G.uralensis seed was divided into 3 grades.The 1000-grain weight of licorice seeds at all levels was not less than 8g,the water content was not less than 10%,and the first-class seed:germination rate≥90%,clarity≥90%;secondary seed:90%>germination rate≥85%,90%>clarity≥85%;tertiary seed:85%>germination rate≥80%,85%>clarity≥80%.The quality grade of licorice seedlings is divided into three grades.The first seedlings:root length≥45 cm,reed head diameter≥0.8 cm,1.3 kg≤100 plant weight<0.8 kg;second seedling:45 cm>root length≥35 cm,0.8 cm>reed head diameter≥0.6 cm,0.8 kg≤100 plant weight<0.4 kg;third seedling:35 cm>root length≥25 cm,0.6 cm>reed head diameter≥0.4 cm,0.4 kg≤100 plant weight≤0.2 kg.Conclusion:It has been verified that the quality grades of G.uralensis seed and seedling are reasonably divided,and is convenient for practical application.