海绵窦区三角解剖及面积的临床应用

目的　观察海绵窦区各脑神经相互关系及其变异，测量各海绵窦三角的面积，为临床经海绵窦显微外科手术提供解剖学依据。 方法　对12例成人尸头标本的海绵窦区域进行显微解剖和观测，并对海绵窦各三角的面积进行测算。 结果　在海绵窦区的三角中，分别选取、观测床突三角、动眼神经三角、滑车上三角、滑车下三角、前内侧三角、前外侧三角、后内侧三角、后外侧三角并分别测量其面积为77.75、82.73、45.00、83.40、66.38、51.28、121.65、161.67 mm2。 结论　海绵窦区三角是神经外科颅底手术入路必经区域，是手术中可参考的操作范围，因部分神经、骨性结构变异，可导致部分三角面积缩小而影响手术操作。测量各三角面积的数据，在临床工作实践中，可作为手术入路选择的参考，并为虚拟现实技术实践提供数据支持。

Clinical application of triangular anatomy and area of cavernous sinus

Objective　To observe the variations, and the relations between the cranial nerves travelling through the cavernous sinus by measuring the regions of the selected triangles of the cavernous sinus in order to provide anatomic data for microsurgical operation in cavernous sinus.　Methods　12 cases of adult cadaver heads were used to dissect, observe and measure the sizes of 8 selected triangles under the microscope.　Results　The selected cavernous sinus triangles included the Dolenc triangle, the oculomotor triangle, the supratrochlear triangle, the Parkinson triangle, the Mullen triangle, the anteriolateral triangle, the Kawase triangle and the Glasscock triangle. The sizes of the triangles were 77.75 mm2, 82.73 mm2, 45.00 mm2, 83.40 mm2, 66.38 mm2, 51.28 mm2, 121.65 mm2, and 161.67 mm2.　Conclusion　The area of the cavernous sinus triangle is the only route area of the neurosurgery cranial base surgery, and it is the operation range that can be referred in the surgery. Due to the variation of partial nerve and bone structure, it can lead to the reduction of partial triangular area and affect the operation. The measurement data of each triangle area can be used as a reference for the selection of surgical approach in clinical practice, and provide data support in the practice of virtual reality technology.