中学生认知移情在孤独感与网络欺凌间的中介作用

探讨中学生孤独感与网络欺凌的关系及认知移情在其中的中介作用,为促进中学生心理健康提供参考.方法 采用中学生实施网络欺凌/受网络欺凌行为问卷、移情量表及UCLA孤独量表,对方便抽取的辽宁省4城市949名中学生进行测试.结果 不同性别中学生受网络欺凌、实施网络欺凌、孤独感与认知移情得分差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.28,5.86,3.25,-3.54,P值均<0.05),除认知移情外,男生得分均高于女生.初中生受网络欺凌、实施网络欺凌得分高于高中生,认知移情得分低于高中生(t值分别为4.49,2.69,-8.02,P值均<0.05).相关分析显示,受网络欺凌、实施网络欺凌与孤独感均存在正相关(r值分别为0.18,0.28,P值均<0.01),与认知移情存在负相关(r值分别为-0.16,-0.25,P值均<0.01).认知移情在孤独感与受网络欺凌、实施网络欺凌间起部分中介作用,中介效应分别占总效应的13.6%,19.2%.结论 孤独感不仅可以直接影响受网络欺凌与实施网络欺凌,还可以通过认知移情间接对其产生影响.

Mediation of cognitive empathy in loneliness and cyberbullying in middle school students

Objective To investigate possible mediation of cognitive empathy in the association between loneliness and cyberbullying among middle school students.Methods A total of 949 students from four middle schools in Shenyang,Liaoning Province were investigated with being cyber bullied/cyber bullying questionnaire,basic mobility scale and UCLA loneliness scale.Results Among students with cyberbullying behavior or being cyberbullied,loneliness and cognitive empathy scores were statistically significant by gender(t =5.28,5.86,3.25,-3.54,P<0.05).Boys scored higher than girls except cognitive empathy(P<0.05).Middle school students had higher score than high school students in being cyberbullied/cyberbullying(P<0.01),and lower score in cognitive empathy(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that being cyberbullied/cyberbullying positively correlated with loneliness(r=0.18,028,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with cognitive empathy(r =-0.16,-0.25,P<0.01).Loneliness directly affected cyberbullying behavior,being cyber bullied and elements of cognitive empathy.Partial intermediary effect on cyberbullying/being cyberbullied was also found(x2/df=2.597,RMSEA =0.041,CFI=0.992,TLI=0.987;x2/df=3.235,RMSEA =0.049,CFI =0.991,TLI=0.983),and the mediation effect accounted for 13.6% and 19.2% of the total effect,respectively.Conclusion Cognitive empathy has direct effect on loneliness and being cyberbullied/cyberbullying behavior among middle school students.