西安市氟中毒病区水氟含量与儿童氟斑牙和龋齿的关系

了解氟病区水氟含量与8~12岁儿童氟斑牙和龋齿患病的关系,为有效保护和提高儿童青少年口腔健康水平提供参考.方法 选择西安市20个不同水氟含量的病区村作为监测点,调查监测点8~12岁全部在校儿童氟斑牙和龋齿患病情况.结果 20个监测点儿童氟斑牙总患病率为22.71%,儿童氟斑牙的患病率及病情严重程度随着水氟含量的增加而上升(x2=171.37,P<0.01),水氟含量1.0~<1.5和≥1.5 mg/L 2个组氟斑牙患病率均超过30%,最高达到了50%.929名儿童龋齿患病率为28.20%,龋患率随着水氟含量的升高而降低(x2=36.24,P<0.01).水氟含量<0.2 mg/L组龋患率高于其他4个组(P<0.05).在性别分布上,男、女生氟斑牙患病率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.48,P>0.05),女生龋齿患病率高于男生(x2=6.82,P<0.05).结论 预防氟斑牙和龋齿流行适宜的水氟范围为0.2~1.0 mg/L,在监测儿童氟斑牙病情的同时应密切关注龋齿患病情况.

Relationship between fluorine concentration in drinking water and dental fluorosis,dental caries of children in endemic fluorosis area in Xi'an city

Objective To assess the relationship between drinking water fluoride levels and dental fluorosis,dental caries in school children aged 8-12 in Xi'an,and to provide reference for effectively protecting and improving teenagers' oral hygiene.Methods Twenty villages were selected as the investigation subjects from rural area with different levels of water fluoride in the endemic fluorosis areas.A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on school children aged 8-12 years,the dental fluorosis and dental caries in children were detected.Results The prevalence of dental fluorosis among the surveyed children was 22.71%,and prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis were significantly increased with increasing fluoride content in drinking water(x2 =171.37,P<0.01),the rate was over 30% in the two groups which the water fluoride content was under-standard(1.0~<1.5,≥1.5 mg/L),the highest prevalence rate was 50%.A total of 929 children were examined and the rate of dental caries was 28.20%,there were significant association between drinking water fluorine concentration and dental caries(x2 =36.24,P<0.01).The rates were 39.14%,26.22%,24.81%,24.41% and 15.17% in the five groups.Caries prevalence was significantly increased when the water fluoride lower than 0.2 mg/L.The gender of child had any influence on the prevalence of dental fluorosis (x2 =0.48,P>0.05),the prevalence rate of dental caries was higher that in girls(x2 =6.82,P<0.05).Conclusion The appropiiate water fluoride concentration should be 0.2-1.0 mg/L for dental fluorosis and dental caries prevention.Surveillance on the dental caries should be enhanced in the region which the water fluoride was lower than 0.2 mg/L.