北京市2016-2017学年中小学生伤害现况

了解2016—2017 学年北京市中小学生伤害现况,为制定北京市学生伤害防控政策和措施提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段抽样方法,抽取北京市16 个区102 所中小学校的19 666 名学生,对在2016年9月1日至2017年8月31日期间发生伤害的病例进行回顾性问卷调查.结果 2016—2017 学年中小学生伤害发生率为10.68%,其中男生为 12.98%,女生为8.63%; 小学低年级学生(一至三年级) 为7.26%,小学高年级学生(四至六年级) 为14.38%,初中生为 11.80%,高中生为9.55%.在各伤害类型中,跌伤发生率最高,为6.35%.伤害病例中发生地点前3 位是学校(43.26%) 、家中(24.76%) 和马路/道路(13. 19%); 发生时进行的活动前3 位是体育活动(28. 78%) 、行走(26. 21%) 和休闲娱乐(16.90%); 受伤部位前3 位是下肢(41.98%) 、上肢(28.91%) 和头部(15.32%).平均每次伤害造成4.26 d 休息,2.27 d 缺课,0.55 d 住院.结论 北京市中小学校学生伤害发生率在10%以上.男生和小学高年级学生是北京市学生伤害防控的重点人群,跌伤应作为优先干预的重点类型.

Injury among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2016-2017

Objective To investigate the current situation of injuries among middle and primary school students in Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for injury prevention and control policies and measures. Methods Totally 19 666 students were selected from 102 primary and middle schools in 16 districts of Beijing through multistage sampling method. A retrospective investigation was conducted for injuries occurred during Sep.1st, 2016 to Aug.31th, 2017 using questionnaire method. Results The prevalence of injuries among primary and middle school students in 2016-2017 was 10.68%, with boys 12.98%, and girls 8.63%; grade 1-3 students (7.26%), grade 4-6 students (14.38%); junior high school students (11.80%) and senior high school students (9.55%). Among all types of injuries, falling (6.35%) was the highest. The most common places where injuries occur were: school(43.26%), home(24.76%), and street /road(13.19%); the most common activities causing injuries were: sports(28.78%), walking(26.21%), and entertainments(16.90%); The body part most frequently injured were: lower limbs(41.98%), upper limbs(28.91%), and head(15.32%). The average injury-caused break time was 4.26 d, injury-caused absent from school and hospitalization was 2.27 and 0.55 d, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of injury among primary and middle school students in Beijing is over 10%. More attention should be paid among boys and higher grade (grade 4-6) students in primary schools. Falling should be considered as target for intervention.