胃癌患者血浆中p53基因突变的检测

目的:检测并比较胃癌患者外周血浆、肿瘤组织以及癌旁正常黏膜中p53基因突变状况.方法: 从96名胃癌患者的术前血浆、肿瘤组织及癌旁正常黏膜提取DNA,采用PCR、变性高效液相色谱分析(denaturing high performance liquid chromatography, DHPLC)及测序技术,检测p53基因5～8外显子的突变,选择20例健康人的血浆作为正常对照.结果: 96例胃癌患者肿瘤组织中,p53基因杂合性突变的检出率为19.8%(19/96),在其相应的外周血浆中,p53基因杂合性突变的检出率为5.2%(5/96),在p53基因突变阳性的外周血浆中,其对应的肿瘤组织均发现有同样的p53基因突变,在对应癌旁正常黏膜组织及20例健康人对照血浆中均未检出p53基因突变.肿瘤组织和外周血浆中p53基因突变与胃癌患者的临床病理特征无相关性.结论:胃癌患者血浆中可检测出p53基因突变,胃癌患者血浆中p53基因突变的分析有可能作为临床辅助诊断、疾病监测的指标之一.

Detection of p53 gene mutation in the plasma of gastric cancer patients

Objective: To investigated p53 gene mutation in plasma of gastric cancer patients. Methods: DNA extracted from plasma and matched tumor and tumor-adjacent normal tissues of 96 gastric cancer patients, and DNA from 20 healthy people were studied. Exons 5, 6, 7, and 8 of p53 were amplified by PCR. The mutation status was analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), followed by direct sequencing of cases with aberrant chromatographic patterns. Results: Heterozygous mutations of p53 gene were detected in 19.9% (19/96) of primary tumor tissues and 5.2% (5/96) of corresponding plasma. All p53 gene mutations detected in plasma DNA consisted with mutations in the matched primary tumor samples. Neither the tumor-adjacent gastric mucosa tissues nor control plasma from healthy volunteers showed p53 gene mutation. No correlation was found between p53 mutation status and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer patients. Conclusion: p53 gene mutation in plasma can be detected in tissues and plasma of gastric cancer patients, which could be applied in screening and surveillance of this disease.