IgG subclasses in wheezing infants

The wheezing infant is a common but difficult patient to approach diagnostically. The prevalence of IgG subclass antibody deficiency in wheezing infants is still controversial. We studied serum concentration of IgG subclasses in 38 wheezing infants (aged 6–24 months who had not received systemic steroids before investigation) and in 30 healthy age matched control (aged 6–24 months). The prevalence of one or more IgG subclass deficiency was 31.6% in wheezing infants and 26.7% in controls. There was no significant difference in prevalence of IgG subclass deficiency between patients and controls (p>0.05). The mean concentration of IgG subclasses in patients were compared with controls. There was no significant difference in mean serum concentration of IgG1, G2 and G3 subclasses. But there was a trend towards higher concentrations of IgG4 in wheezing infants and this difference for IgG4 was significant (p<0.01). However, IgG subclass deficiency was found in 25% and 36.4% of wheezing infants who had experienced from two to four and five or more wheezing episodes in two years, respectively (p>0.05). These findings suggest that wheezing in infancy is not associated with IgG subclass deficiency and in wheezing infants low IgG subclass levels do not increase the frequency of wheezing.