深圳市宝安区2006—2010年围产儿出生缺陷监测结果分析

目的了解深圳市宝安区出生缺陷发生的变化趋势及流行病学特征,为制订出生缺陷干预方案提供依据。方法对宝安区2006—2010年所有开展助产的医院的围产儿出生缺陷监测资料进行统计分析。结果 5年共发现出生缺陷儿3800例,总发生率为14.27‰。前5位出生缺陷类型依次为:先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、外耳畸形(小耳、无耳除外)、唇裂合并腭裂和马蹄内翻足。出生缺陷的发生率为户籍人口(1.85%)>暂住人口(1.48%)>流动人口(1.39%);男性(1.54%)>女性(1.25%);孕妇<20岁和≥30岁高于20～29岁年龄组,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论出生缺陷发生率维持在较高水平,应加强优生保健知识的宣传,积极开展孕前检查,提高产前筛查及诊断水平,从而有效地减少出生缺陷的发生。

Analysis of the Data of Birth Defects Monitoring in Bao'an of Shenzhen from 2006 to 2010

OBJECTIVE To learn the variation trend and epidemiologic features of birth defects in Bao＇ an District of Shenzhen, and the conclusions can be used as the reference basis for formulating intervention program of birth defects. METHODS Statistical analysis was done to the data of birth defects monitoring of Bao＇ an from 2006 to 2010. RESULTS 3 800 infants with birth defects were found among 266 263 perinatal infants and the incidence was 14.27‰. The first five main birth defects were congenital heart diseases, polydactyly, ear malformation, cheiloschisis associated with palatoschisis, congenital clubfoot. The incidence of birth defects for registered permanent population was higher than temporary resident population and floating population, for male was higher than that for female, and the incidence for the pregnant women who was younger than 20 years old and who was older than 30 years old was higher than those who aged in 20-29. There were statistically significant for their differences（P=0.000）. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of birth defects was maintained at high level for these five years. It is necessary to launch more health education about eugenic, and the birth defect screening and diagnosis should be raised for reducing the incidence of birth defects.