创伤弧菌脓毒症诊疗方案(草案)

目的创伤弧菌脓毒症病情极为凶险，病死率超过50％。但由于病例分散，发病率低，目前国内外尚缺乏有循征依据的诊治方案或指南。方法基于本课题组经过近10年对创伤弧菌脓毒症动物实验及临床研究结果，并复习国内外文献，提出了《创伤弧菌脓毒症诊疗方案（草案）》，希望能有助于创伤弧菌脓毒症的诊断与治疗。结果在本方案中，我们提出：①创伤弧菌脓毒症早期临床诊断标准包括：患者4—11月急起发热，肢端特征性血性大疱样皮损、甚至大范围皮肤及肌肉坏死，迅速出现低血压或休克及多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS），有慢性肝病或长期嗜酒史以及近1～2周内有生食海鲜或接触带菌海水史等。②尽早、足量、联合应用三代头孢菌素及喹诺酮类药物疗效最佳。③早期对病变肢体进行外科干预及综合支持对症治疗有助于改善患者预后。结论本方案的推荐意见有助改善创伤弧菌脓毒症患者的预后，这只是初步的草案，有待进一步完善。

A protocol for diagnosis and treatment of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis

OBJECTIVE: Vibrio vulnificus sepsis is one of the most fatal disease with a high mortality which exceeds 50%. But at present there is no evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis because of its dispersiveness in occurrence and low incidence. METHODS: Based on our ten-year research and review of literature, we try to draft a protocol to improve the diagnostic criteria and treatment of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis. Animal experiments and clinical research were undertaken and the related literature from CINK and PUBMED were reviewed. RESULTS: (1)A criterion for early clinical diagnosis of Vibrio vulnificus sepsis was proposed, including an abrupt onset with fever during the months from April to November, characteristic cutaneous lesions (most commonly haemorrhagic bullae on the extremities) or even extensive necrosis of skin and muscular tissue, progressive hypotension or shock accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), preexisting liver disease or chronic abuse use of alcohol, and consumption of raw seafood or contact with seawater within 1-2 weeks. (2)The best antibioic therapy is early administration of a combination of the third-generation cephalosporins and the quinolones in full dosage. (3)Aggressive wound debridement, appropriate dermoplasty and supportive care contribute to a better outcome. CONCLUSION: This protocol will help improve the outcome of patients with Vibrio vulnificus sepsis. But it is a crude guideline and needs to be updated when some important new knowledge becomes available.