纳米羟基磷灰石/I型胶原复合人工骨组成结构及成骨活性的实验研究

按照仿生的方法合成纳米羟基磷灰石/I型胶原人工骨支架材料.采用扫描电镜、X线衍射分析、孔隙率测定的方法对人工骨支架材料进行分析.制作兔颅骨缺损模型,植入人工骨支架材料,组织切片观察支架材料在体内的反应.纳米羟基磷灰石/I型胶原人工骨支架材料呈疏松海绵状,具有100～300 μm的孔径和90%以上的孔隙率,具有类似天然骨的结构.植入兔颅骨缺损模型未出现急性或慢性的炎症反应,在4周左右人工骨支架内出现大量新生毛细血管,12周新生骨完全修复骨缺损,并形成成熟的骨小梁结构.纳米羟基磷灰石和I型胶原复合人工骨约3个月左右降解完全.

Study on Nano-hydroxyapatite/type I Collagen Artificial Bone Scaffold Structure and Osteogenic Ability in Vivo

This study was aimed to develop nano-hydroxyapatite/type I collagen artificial bone scaffold and investigate its structure, osteogenic ability and biocompatibility in vivo. According to biomimetic and self-organization mechanism, nano-hydroxyapatite/type I collagen artificial bone scaffold was developed with nano-hydroxyapatite and pure type I collagen. General observation, scanning electron microscope, porosity measurement and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the scaffold. In vivo test, the model of rabbit skull with two defects was created, the scaffold was embedded in one defect, and another defect served as vacuity control. The in vivo study involved 12 rabbits. At 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, the rabbits were sacrificed in sequence and specimens were obtained for histological observation. Nano-hydroxyapatite/type I collagen artificial bone scaffold was similar to sponge under microscope, the pore size was 100-300 microm, the average ratio of porosity was 92.6%, and the inner structure was homothetic to the natural bone. No acute or chronic immunologic rejection was observed in vivo. The rabbit skull defect was repaired by nano-hydroxyapatite/type I collagen artificial bone scaffolds completely in 12 weeks. Nano-hydroxyapatite/type I collagen artificial bone scaffold structure was homothetic to natural bone structure, and had excellent osteogenic ability, biocompatibility, osteogenesis and suitable degradation.