糖尿病大鼠主动脉内皮形态功能及培哚普利影响的研究

探讨链脲菌素（STZ）糖尿病（DM）大鼠血管内皮超微结构和功能变化。以及培哚普利对其影响。雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（NC）、DM对照组（DC）、DM治疗组（DP），病程4周后DP组每天予培哚普利2mg.kg^-1。分别于第4，8，16周测血糖、血浆ET-1和AngⅡ，并取主动脉作电镜观察。结果显示：DC组8周时，内皮细胞线粒体明显肿胀、空泡变，16周时血管内膜增厚，内皮细胞广泛坏死脱落，但DP组病变明显减轻，各病程中DC组血浆AngⅡ均明显升高，血浆ET-1在8周时明显升高，而16周时明显降低，在DP组血浆AngⅡ明显降低，ET-1则先降（8周）后升（16周），提示糖尿病大鼠主动脉内皮细胞随病程不同出现超微结构和功能变化，血浆ET-1可能是反应内皮细胞损伤的一个指标，培哚普利对糖尿病大鼠主动脉内皮细胞损伤有一定保护作用。

Changes of ultrastructure and function of the aortic endothelium in streptozotocin-diabetic rats and effect of perindopril]

To investigate the alteration of ultrastructure and function of the aortic endothelium in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and the effect of perindopril, male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (NC), diabetes control group (DC), diabetes group treated with perindopril (2 mg.kg-1.d-1) which was administered after 4 weeks. At 4, 8, 16 weeks after injecting STZ, glucose, plasma endothelin-1 and angiotensin II were respectively measured, and we also observed aortic endothelial cell under the electron microscope. RESULTS: In DC group, there were mitochondrial edema and vacuolization obviously in aortic endothelial cells at 8 weeks, and extensive endothelial cell necrosis and exfoliation were observed at 16 weeks, while pathological changes in the DP group were abated significantly. Plasma Ang II levels were increased significantly at different times in DC group, and plasma ET-1 levels were obviously increased at 8 weeks and greatly decreased at 16 weeks. In DP groups, plasma Ang II levels obviously decreased, ET-1 levels declined at 8 weeks and statistically elevated at 16 weeks. CONCLUSION: There are changes of ultrastructure and function in aortic endothelial cell in different durations of diabetes. Plasma ET-1 level may be a marker of aortic endothelial cell injury, perindopril may have protective effect on aortic endothelial cell in diabetic rats.