2型糖尿病病人膳食模式现况调查

目的:了解目前2型糖尿病病人膳食模式及血糖指数(GI)在其食物选择方面的应用情况。方法:采用简易食物频率问卷法对83名2型糖尿病病人进行调查。问卷内容包括一般情况、食物摄入以及GI值应用情况。结果:2型糖尿病人平均每人每日奶类、蔬菜、畜禽肉类、蛋类以及油脂类摄入量明显偏高,分别为(181.5±127.4)、(535.2±271.3)、(116.5±87.5)、(43.6±23.0)、(32.3±19.2)g/d,而鱼类摄入量明显偏低,仅为(25.7±76.6)g/d;总能量摄入合理,但三大产能营养素供能比例不当,其中脂肪过高,占54%,碳水化合物偏低,仅占31%,蛋白质较适宜,为15%;无人听说过食物GI值、年龄、性别、居住地、病程、文化程度和参加知识讲座的频率等因素与食物摄入量有关,对食物GI值的认识程度极低。结论:目前2型糖尿病人膳食模式不甚合理,今后应结合食物GI概念加强糖尿病人的营养教育及饮食指导。

A CROSS- SECTIONAL STUDY ON DIETARY PATTERN FOR PATIENTS IN NIDDM

Objective:To investigate current dietary pattern and application of GI to food choice.Methods: 83 patients in NIDDM were surveyed by food frequency questionnaire in cluding food intake and application of GI.Results:Compared with recommended criterion,the amount of daily intake of milk and vegetables for one person were enough,but neat,poultry,eggs,fats and oils were excessive,fish was not enough.Total intake of energy for the subjects was suitable.However,the ratio of protein,fat and carbohydrate was very improper.A few patients understood the conception of GI and applied it to food selection.Food intake of subjects was related to age,sex,culture level etc.Conclusion The dietary pattern for patients in NIDDM is unreasonable.Nutrition education for patients in NIDDM should be emphasized together with the conception of GI.