社区2型糖尿病患者健教模式构建效果研究

目的了解社区2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制情况,构建糖尿病健康教育模式评价及其效果。方法将青浦区2006年已纳入糖尿病数据管理库的2型糖尿病患者随机分为试验组和对照组,进行知、信、行问卷调查。试验组筛选重点干预人群,采取多种健康教育综合干预措施,对照组未作处理。从糖尿病知识、态度、行为和血糖改变评价2型糖尿病患者的糖尿病控制情况,评估干预效果。结果干预后,试验组的糖尿病知识、防治态度、行为方式好于干预前和对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的血糖控制水平好于对照组,试验组干预前一组糖尿患者占58.50%,干预后占42.49%,低于对照组的51.43%;试验组的糖化血红蛋白较为平稳,平均下降9.5%(P<0.05),达标率由干预前的34.3%上升到38.3%,高于对照组的31.0%。结论糖尿病患者的健康教育在糖尿病的管理和控制中发挥了很重要的作用。通过评估、诊断、计划、实施、评价五步骤构建的"社区-医院-个人"一体化健康教育模式,可使糖尿病患者了解其健康状况;重视患者参与度,有利于改变不健康行为并控制血糖,提高糖尿病患者的生活质量。

Effects of the Health Education Program on Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Objective To know about the control condition of type 2 diabetes,build and evaluate the effect of diabetic health education pattern.Methods A survey with the questionnaire of Knowledge,Attitudes and Behaviors(KAB) was conducted among Type 2 diabetic patients in diabetes data management of Qingpu District in 2006.The key subjects were selected into the experimental group and comprehensive intervention ways of health education were adopted.The intervention effects of the type 2 diabetic control were evaluated in terms of diabetes KAB and the change of meals and blood glucose.Results Compare with those of the control group,the rates of the diabetes related knowledge,attitudes and the behavior pattern were significantly improved for the experiment group after intervention.Blood glucose of the experiment group dropped more obviously than that of the control group.The attainment rate of Glycosylated hemoglobin Alc improved remarkably after intervention.Conclusion Health education plays an important role in the diabetes management and control.The five-step health education mode of assessment,diagnosis,planning,implementing and evaluating could help diabetic patients learn more about their health and participate actively.Patient participation based on the mode is effective in risk behavior change,blood glucose control and the improvement of life quality.