中国2004年碘盐监测

目的了解全国生产和居民层次碘盐的合格及食用情况。方法每个县按五个不同方位随机抽取9个乡,每个乡抽取4个村,其中2个村在乡政府所在地及其附近抽取,另2个村为“问题地区”或距乡政府5 km以外的村。每个村(居委会)随机抽取8份居民户盐样。碘盐检测采用GB/T 13025.7-1999中直接滴定法;川盐或特殊盐种采用仲裁法定量测定。合格碘盐判定标准为(35±15) mg/kg(20-50 mg/kg);非碘盐判定标准为<5 mg/kg。结果全国生产层次(除西藏和新疆外)碘盐的批质量合格率为97.39%;居民层次(除新疆外)的碘盐合格率为96.45%,合格碘盐食用率为93.47%,非碘盐率3.09%,这几项指标的检测结果均与2002年的情况持平。四川和青海两省生产层次的批质量合格率均低于90%。四川和海南省居民层次的碘盐合格率低于90%。西藏、海南、北京、青海、广东、四川和浙江7个省(自治区、市)的居民合格碘盐食用率低于90%。西藏、海南、北京、青海和广东5个省(自治区、市)的居民非碘盐率低于90%。结论从全国水平来看,生产层次的碘盐质量状况良好。不仅部分西部省份,而且部分东部沿海省份(包括北京市)的居民层次的合格碘盐食用率都存在低于90%的问题,提示今后在关注西部地区的同时,还要关注那些新出现的问题地区,通讨不断提高居民合格碘盐食用率,来促进碘缺乏病的可持续消除。

Study on the national program of ‘monitoring the iodized-salt situation’ in 2004

Objective To understand the situation of quality and consumption of iodized-salt at production and household levels through monitoring on salt. Methods 9 townships were chosen in each county at different locations. In each township, two villages were selected in the center of the township and another two villages in remote settings. In each village, 8 households were selected for salt collection. The iodine concentrations in salt (except some special kinds of salt) were detected by method of direct titration with criteria in GB/T 13025.7-1999, in which the iodine content in qualified iodized-salt was set as 20 to 50 mg/kg and that in non-iodized-salt it was below 5 mg/kg. Results Except for Tibet and Xinjiang, lot qualified rate of production level was 97.39% at the national level. Except for Xinjiang, the qualified rate of iodized-salt of household level was 96.45%; qualified iodized-salt coverage rate was 93.47%; non-iodized-salt coverage rate was 3.09% . The results of the iodized-salt monitoring in 2004 maintained almost the same level as that in 2002. At production level,lot qualified rate of iodized-salt in Sichuan and Qinghai provinces were below 90 % . At household level the qualified rate of iodized-salt in Sichuan and Hainan were below 90% . The coverage rates of qualified iodized-salt were below 90% for the total 7 provinces. In 5 provinces, the non-iodized-salt coverage rates were above 10%. Conclusions At national level the qualification of iodized-salt at production level was satisfactory. The coverage rates of qualified iodized-salt were below 90% not only in western but in some eastern provinces(including Beijing), which indicated that importance should be attached to the western areas and some newly discovered areas with problems as well. Through continual improvement of qualified iodized-salt coverage, sustained IDD elimination will be achieved.