肾活检患者451例临床与病理构成对比分析

目的 分析珠海地区肾脏疾病的病理及临床特点.方法 回顾性分析我院451例肾活检患者的临床及病理资料,探讨其病因、临床特点及病理类型的关系.结果 451例肾活检患者中,男、女高峰发病年龄为19～37岁,分别占59%及65%.原发性肾小球疾病共369例（占81.81%）,临床类型排在前3位的依次为无症状血尿、蛋白尿149例（占40.38%）、慢性肾小球肾炎104例（占28.18%）、肾病综合征76例（占20.60%）,病理类型排在前3位的依次为IgA肾病251例（占68.02%）、系膜增生性肾小球肾炎（MsPGN）33例（占8.94%）、微小病变型肾病（MCD）24例（占6.50%）;继发性肾小球疾病69例（占15.30%）,临床类型排在前3位的依次为狼疮肾炎26例（占37.68%）、乙型肝炎相关性肾小球肾炎24例（占34.78%）、紫癜肾炎9例（占13.04%）.结论 原发性肾小球疾病是目前最主要的肾小球疾病,IgA肾病在原发性肾脏疾病中发病率最高,继发性肾小球疾病中狼疮肾炎排在首位.

Clinicopathological analysis of 451 renal biopsies

Objective To survey the clinicopathological characters of renal diseases in Zhuhai region. Methods From Jun. 2001 to Jul. 2009 histological diagnosis of renal diseases was made in 451 patients in our hospital. Their complete clinicopathological data were obtained and the relations among causes, clinical features and pathological types were analyzed. Results The peak morbidity age was 19-37 years, with male and female accounting for 59o/40 and 65% respectively. In 451 biopsies, primary glomerular disease was the most common （369 cases）, accounting for 81.81%. The first 3 clinical types were as follows： asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria （149 cases, 40. 38%）, chronic renal failure （104 cases, 28. 18%） and nephrotic syndrome （76 cases, 20. 60%）. The first 3 clinical types of primary glomerular disease were as follows： IgA nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, minimal change disease. In 451 biopsies there were 69 cases of secondary glomerulor disease, accounting for 15.30%, and the first 3 clinical types were as follows： lupus nephritis, HBV- associated glomerulonephritis, glomerulonephritis of Henoch-scholein purpura. Conclusions Primary renal disease was the most common glomerular disease in which IgA nephropathy had the highest incidence. Lupus nephritis was the most common secondary glomerular disease.