早期干预对早产儿生长发育影响的追踪观察

目的：研究早产儿从新生儿期开始实施早期干预对早产儿体格智能发育的影响。方法：就医新乡市中心医院儿科新生儿室的早产儿83例，按照父母自愿的原则，随机分为干预组43例，常规育儿组40例，干预组早产儿出院后于家中在早期教育的基础上接受按摩，被动体操，和运动训练，治疗至2岁，常规育儿组只接受常规保健治疗。并设同期在我院产科出生的足月顺产儿新生儿40例．作为对照组。三组婴儿均于6个月．12个月，24个月时分别进行体格（即身长、体重、头围）的测量和智能测试。结果：体格发育6，12，24月龄时，干预组快于常规育儿组（P〈0．05），干预组与足月对照组差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。干预组6月龄CDCC智力发育指数低于对照组（P〈0．05），12月龄时干预组智力发育指数与对照组比较差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），24月龄时高于对照组（P〈0．05）。6月龄、12月龄时干预组心理运动发育指数与对照组比较差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05），24月龄时干预组心理运动发育指数高于对照组（P〈0．05）。干预组精神发育迟缓、脑瘫发生率明显低于常规育儿组，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论：早期干预可明显促进早产儿生长发育。

A follow-up observation about effect of early intervention on physical and intelligent development of premature infants

Objective:To explore the influence of early intervention on physical and intelligent development of premature infants from neonatal period. Method: Eighty three premature infants who were treated in hospital were randomly divided into two groups: 43 in intervention group with early intervention and 40 in routine care group 40 on the parents voluntary base. The infants of intervention group received massage, passive exercise and motor training on basis of early education at home after discharge from hospital, which were kept on for two years. The infants of the routine care group received only conventional baby care. Fourty infants of term-for-age neonates who were born in department of maternity in the same period were selected as control group, which received conventional baby care. The physical development of the weight, length and head circumference and intelligence of the three groups were checked at the age of six month, one year and two years. Result: All the age of six month, one and two years, the physical development were higher significantly in the intervention group than those in the routine care group(P<0.05), and had no evidently difference with control group(P>0.05). The mental development index (MDI) of early intervention group was lower than that of the control group in the 6 months(P<0.05) and had no obvious difference with control group in one year(P>0.05), and was great higher than that of control group in tow years(P<0.05). In six month and one year psychomotor development index(PDI) of early intervention group had no difference with that of control group(P>0.05), and in two years were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of the psychomotor development retardation and the morbidity of cerebral palsy in the early intervention group were lower than that in the routine care group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Early intervention benefits the development of the physical and intelligence of premature.