Augmentation of bone defect healing using a new biocomposite scaffold: An in vivo study in sheep |
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| Authors: | U. van der Pol L. Mathieu S. Zeiter P.-E. Bourban P.-Y. Zambelli S.G. Pearce L.P. Bouré D.P. Pioletti |
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| Affiliation: | 1. AO Research Institute, Clavadelerstrasse 8, Davos, Switzerland;2. Laboratory of Polymer and Composite Technology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Département de l’Appareil Locomoteur, University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland;4. Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland;1. IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Scaffold Tissue Engineering Group, University of Michigan, 3412 GGB, 2350 Hayward, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA;1. Consultant, Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;2. Resident, Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;3. Full Professor, Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;4. Resident, Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;6. Consultant, Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;1. Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Murcia, Spain;2. Escuela de Arquitectura e Ingeniería de la Edificación, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Spain;3. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain;4. Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain;1. Resident, Department of Oral Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN;2. Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH;3. Clinical Research Fellow, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH;4. Biostatistician Supervisor, Department of Statistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN;6. Associate Professor of Surgery and Residency Program Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH;5. Professor, Department of Oral Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN;1. Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt;2. Institute of Polymer Materials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;3. Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Burn Center – BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwigshafen, Germany;4. Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;1. Department of Dermatologic Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;2. Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
Previous studies support resorbable biocomposites made of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) produced by supercritical gas foaming as a suitable scaffold for tissue engineering. The present study was undertaken to demonstrate the biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties of such a scaffold in a large animal cancellous bone model. The biocomposite (PLA/TCP) was compared with a currently used β-TCP bone substitute (ChronOS?, Dr. Robert Mathys Foundation), representing a positive control, and empty defects, representing a negative control. Ten defects were created in sheep cancellous bone, three in the distal femur and two in the proximal tibia of each hind limb, with diameters of 5 mm and depths of 15 mm. New bone in-growth (osteoconductivity) and biocompatibility were evaluated using microcomputed tomography and histology at 2, 4 and 12 months after surgery. The in vivo study was validated by the positive control (good bone formation with ChronOS?) and the negative control (no healing with the empty defect). A major finding of this study was incorporation of the biocomposite in bone after 12 months. Bone in-growth was observed in the biocomposite scaffold, including its central part. Despite initial fibrous tissue formation observed at 2 and 4 months, but not at 12 months, this initial fibrous tissue does not preclude long-term application of the biocomposite, as demonstrated by its osteointegration after 12 months, as well as the absence of chronic or long-term inflammation at this time point. |
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