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Open volume in bioadhesive detected by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy
Authors:Klaus Rätzke  Maja Wiegemann  Muhammad Qasim Shaikh  Stephan Harms  Rainer Adelung  Werner Egger  Peter Sperr
Affiliation:1. University of Kiel, Kaiserstr. 2, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany;2. MAReCOAT, Geversdorf, Germany;3. BW University Munich, Munich, Germany;1. Unit of Surgery B, Department of Surgery and Oncology, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy;2. Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy;3. ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy;1. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona;2. Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona;3. Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon;1. Trinity College Dublin, School of Chemistry-CRANN, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland;2. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;3. Centro de Investigación de Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC),-Universidad de Oviedo-Principado de Asturias), (CINN-CSIC-UNIOVI-PA), Parque Tecnológico de Asturias, Llanera 33428, Spain;4. Moscow State University of Technology STANKIN, Vadkovskij per. 1, Moscow Oblast, 101472 Moscow, Russian Federation
Abstract:Barnacles attach to a wide variety of surfaces underwater and show substrate-specific adhesion mechanisms. Investigating and understanding these mechanisms is a key for developing new technical adhesives. We expected open volume (porosity) at the sub-nanometre scale to occur in barnacle adhesive. With positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) it is possible to detect porosity at the nanometre scale by determining the lifetime of positrons. This method has not been applied to bioadhesives so far. We showed that PALS is a suitable technique for the investigation of the barnacle base and its adhesive with respect to open volume. The results were interpreted using a standard model adapted from polymers. We thereby estimated pore sizes of 0.5 nm.
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