影响妊娠期糖尿病发生的相关因素调查

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病发生的危险因素。方法选取2014年1月至2019年1月某院收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者80例为研究对象观察组,另选同期入院正常孕妇70例作为对照组。比较两组孕妇妊娠期间并发症(胎膜早破、早产、羊水过多和产后出血)及围生儿并发症(新生儿窒息、宫内窘迫、巨大儿和新生儿低血糖)发生情况;采用多因素logistic回归分析妊娠期糖尿病发生的危险因素。结果观察组妊娠并发症总发生率为16.25%,较对照组5.71%的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组围生儿并发症总发生率为15.00%,高于对照组的4.29%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明年龄≥35岁、BMI≥25 kg/m2、有GDM史和有糖尿病家族史是导致妊娠期糖尿病发生的主要危险因素。结论年龄≥35岁、BMI≥25 kg/m^2、有GDM史和有糖尿病家族史是妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素,应加强早期干预和治疗,降低妊娠期糖尿病的发生率。

Inrestigation of related factors affecting gestational diabetes

Objective To investigate the risk factors affecting the development of gestational diabetes.Methods Eighty patients with gestational diabetes admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects,and were set as the observation group.Seventy normal pregnant women admitted to our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.The incidence of complications during pregnancy(premature rupture of membranes,preterm delivery,hyper amniotic fluid and postpartum hemorrhage)and perinatal complications(neonatal asphyxia,intrauterine distress,macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia)were compared between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus.Results The total incidence of pregnancy complications in the observation group was 16.25%,which was significantly different from that(5.71%)in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of perinatal complications in the observation group was 15.00%,significantly higher than that(4.29%)in the control group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that aged 35 years old and above,BM 25 kg/m^2 and above,having history of GDM and having family history of diabetes were the major risk factors leading to gestational diabetes.Conclusion Age≥35 years old,BMI≥25 kg/m2,having history of GDM and having family history of diabetes are risk factors for gestational diabetes.Early intervention and treatment should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes.