老年人心理卫生与3种老年疾病发病的调查及健康教育

目的提高老年人心理健康水平和生活质量。方法对1681位健康体检的老年人，采用心理卫生问卷、生活满意度问卷评估，对各年龄段老年人心理卫生健康状况和3种老年疾病发病状况进行调查分析。结果调查1681人，心理卫生为良者1095人占65．14％；生活满意度为良者978人占58．18％。患高血压病有775人占46．10％，第1位；患高脂血症者673人，占40．04％，为第2位；生活满意度与身体健康状况相关，与高血压病呈负相关且差异显著（P〈0．05）。随着年龄的增长，心理卫生健康、生活满意度有提高的趋势，高脂血症有下降趋势，高血压病则有上升趋势。结论老年人心理健康水平与身体健康水平有关，应关注老年人生活质量和心理健康，有针对性地进行健康教育，达到WHO提出的“健康老龄化”。

A Survey of Mental Health Condition and Top Three Incidence of Diseases in Elder Population

Objective To investigate the correlation between mental health conditions and physical health conditions in elder population.Methods A total of 1 681 elders were selected randomly from annual physical examination participants into this survey.A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the elders' mental health condition and life satisfaction scales.A statistic analysis was conducted within each age group to determine if there is correlation between the mental health condition and physical health condition.Results Out of 1 681 elders surveyed,a total of 1 095(65.14%) were in good mental health condition;a total of 978(58.18%) achieved a high life satisfying level.A total of 775(46.1%) out of 1 681 elders were found to suffer from hypertension;and 673(40.04%) were found to have high level of cholesterol.The life satisfaction scale seemed to be positively correlated with the physical health condition,while negatively correlated with the incidence of hypertension(P<0.05).Along with the aging process,there was a trend of increasing mental health condition and life satisfaction,decreasing the incidence of high level of cholesterol,and increasing the incidence of hypertension.Conclusion There is a significant correlation between mental health condition and physical health condition in elder population.Health care providers should pay close attention and take care of not only the elders' mental health but also their physical health including their quality of life.In this regard,the health education of elders should be conducted purposefully in order to achieve "Healthy Aging",an ideal situation as proposed by WHO.