纳米碳负显影在甲状腺乳头状癌根治性手术应用中的疗效分析

背景与目的：甲状腺癌的发病率逐年增高，其手术并发症甲状旁腺和喉返神经损伤的发生风险高。该研究旨在探讨纳米碳负显影技术在甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma，PTC)根治术中的操作技巧及对喉返神经与甲状旁腺的保护疗效，从而减少此类并发症的发生。方法：收集2015年4—8月收治的48例初治PTC患者的临床病理学资料并随机分为两组。A组(24例)常规采用精细被膜解剖法行单侧甲状腺腺叶切除/全甲状腺切除+单/双中央组淋巴结清扫术；B组(24例)则在稍游离甲状腺后注射纳米碳5 min后再行常规操作。比较分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、神经损伤发生率、暂时性低钙血症发生率、淋巴结清扫数及转移比率等临床资料差异。结果：对于单侧甲状腺腺叶切除+中央组淋巴结清扫术患者，B组除淋巴结清扫数较A组明显增多外(P<0.05)，其他各项指标在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于全甲状腺切除+双侧中央组淋巴结清扫术患者，B组手术时间、暂时性低钙血症发生率显著低于A组(P<0.05)，淋巴结清扫数明显高于A组(P<0.05)。B组中单/双侧黑染淋巴结中癌转移率分别为26.7%和33.3%，非黑染淋巴结阳性转移率分别为11.8%和25.9%。结论：纳米碳负显影技术在PTC根治术中有利于甲状旁腺的保护及清扫淋巴结数目的提高，尤其是在双侧甲状腺癌根治术中的优势更为明显。

The value of carbon nano-particles-labeledlymph nodes in neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer

Background and purpose:Thyroid carcinoma is a common endocrine tumor with an incidence that has increased over recent decades. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of carbon nano-par-ticles-labeled lymph nodes in neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), focusing on the protectiveness for the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and parathyroid glands.Methods:Forty-eight patients with PTC treated from Apr. to Aug. 2015 were randomly divided into two groups. Group A patients (24 patients) were treated with lobectomy/total thyroidectomy plus unilateral/bilateral central lymph node dissection by conventional meticulous capsular dissection technique; Group B patients (24 patients) were treated with the same surgical procedures as group A, 5 min after the injection of carbon nano-particles. The operative time, intra-operative blood loss, incidence of RLN injury, incidence of transient hypocalcemia, the number of total lymph nodes and the ratio of metastatic nodes were collected and analyzed. Results:For unilateral lobectomy, the number of lymph nodes in group B was signiifcantly greater than that in group A (P<0.05). For total thyroidectomy, the operative time, and the incidence of transient hypocalcemia in group B were both lower than those in group A (P<0.05), and the number of total lymph nodes was signiifcantly higher than that in group A (P<0.05). In group B, the ratio of metastatic nodes were 26.7% (unilateral) and 33.3% (bilateral) in stained lymphnodes, and 11.8% and 25.9% in non-stained lymph nodes.Conclusion:The carbon nano-particles-labeled lymph nodes in neck dissection could facilitate to protect parathyroids and increase the number of lymph nodes, especially in total thyroidectomy plus bilateral central lymph node dissection.