如皋市2008-2012年居民恶性肿瘤死亡分析

背景与目的：随着生活方式的改变，恶性肿瘤的死亡分布发生改变。该研究旨在探讨2008—2012年如皋市居民恶性肿瘤死亡状况，为政府制定政策提供科学依据。方法：采用描述流行病学方法对2008—2012年居民死亡资料进行分析，用EXCEL、SPSS统计分析。结果：如皋市恶性肿瘤死亡占全死因首位，死亡率为264.55/10万，标化死亡率为155.04/10万，男性高于女性。恶性肿瘤前5位死因依次为食管癌、肝癌、肺癌、胃癌和胰腺癌。胰腺癌、结直肠肛管癌在男性及女性均居于第5、6位。神经系统肿瘤在恶性肿瘤居于第8位，骨肿瘤居于恶性肿瘤第10位。男性前列腺癌居于男性恶性肿瘤死因第9位，老年人恶性肿瘤死亡率明显高于其他年龄组，对青少年危害较大的肿瘤为白血病、神经系统肿瘤和骨肿瘤。期望寿命损失年(potential years of life lost，PYLL)居前5位的分别为肝癌、食管癌、肺癌、胃癌和白血病；人均寿命损失年(average years of life lost， AYLL)居前5位的分别为白血病、神经系统肿瘤、肝癌、乳腺癌和骨肿瘤。结论：恶性肿瘤为如皋市居民的主要死亡原因，男性恶性肿瘤死亡率高于女性，老年组高于其他年龄组，胰腺癌居于恶性肿瘤第5位，神经系统肿瘤居于恶性肿瘤第8位。应加强防癌宣传，提高居民抗癌意识，在预防传统肿瘤的同时，加强对胰腺癌、神经系统肿瘤及骨肿瘤防控。开展癌症早诊早治工作，加强对高危人群的筛查，提高居民生活质量。

Analysis of cancer mortality among residents of Rugao City for the period 2008 through 2012

Background and purpose:With lifestyle shifts, incidence and mortality patterns for cancers have changed. In order to provide scientiifc basis for the government to control the diseases, this study investigated the can-cer mortality among residents of Rugao city for the period 2008 through 2012.Methods:The epidemiological study of cancer mortality rates among residents of Rugao city was carried out. The results were analyzed with Excel and SPSS software.Results:Cancer was the leading cause of death. The crude mortality rate was 264.55/100 000 and the SMR (standardized mortality ratio) was 155.04/100 000. The mortality of cancer was higher in the male than in the female patients. The top 5 causes of cancer death among residents of Rugao city were esophageal cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and pancreatic cancer for the period 2008 through 2012. Pancreatic cancer and colon, rectum and anus cancer were the iffth and sixth leading causes of cancer death in both male and female, respectively. Nervous system tumor was the eight leading cause of cancer death, whereas osteosarcoma was the tenth. Prostate cancer was the ninth leading cause of cancer death in men. The mortality of cancer was signiifcantly higher in the elderly group than in any other age group. The most common causes of cancer death in adolescents and young adults were leukemia,nervous system tumor and osteosarcoma. The top ifve of potential years of life lost (PYLL) were liver cancer, esopha-geal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer and leukemia. The top ifve of average years of life lost (AYLL) were leukemia, nervous system tumor, liver cancer, breast cancer and osteosarcoma.Conclusion:Cancer has been the major cause of death in residents of Rugao city. The mortality of cancer was higher in the male than in the female. Cancer mortality was also higher in the elderly group than in any other age group. Pancreatic cancer was the iffth leading cause of cancer death. Researchers should raise awareness of cancer prevention in the residents. Treatment and prevention of pancreatic cancer, nervous system tumor and osteosarcoma should be emphasized in the prevention of the most common types of cancer. Besides, researchers should focus on early diagnosis, early treatment of cancer and screening of high-risk groups to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.