138例输入性疟疾病例的流行病学分析

目的 分析输入性疟疾病例的流行病学特征，为疟疾防控提供科学依据。方法 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”和 “寄生虫病防治信息管理系统”，收集2016 - 2017年郑州市二七辖区医院网络报告的疟疾病例，进行流行病学个案调查。结果 2016 - 2017年郑州市二七区上报疟疾病例138例，全部是境外输入性病例，无本地感染病例,境外发病6例(占4.3%)，国内发病132例(占95.7%)。男性136例(占98.6%)，镜检结果以恶性疟为主104例(占75.4%)，卵形疟13例(占9.4%)，间日疟5例(占3.6%)，阴性15例(占10.9 %)，未做镜检1例(占0.7%)。127例有省级PCR结果反馈，镜检和PCR结果一致率为80.3%(102/127)。138例病例中，初次就诊诊断为疟疾69例(50.0%),住院治疗率90.6%。2016年和2017年并发症发生率分别为63.5%和10.9%。结论 该辖区报告疟疾病例为输入性，无本地感染病例，以恶性疟为主。初次诊断正确率低。

Analysis on epidemiology of 138 imported malaria cases

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria, and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control for malaria. Methods The data of malaria reported in Erqi District during 2016-2017 were from the Information Management System for Infectious Diseases Report and Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention. Results In Erqi District 138 malaria cases reported were all imported from abroad during 2016-2017, with no infected at home. Incidence at home were 6 cases(4.3%), but incidence abroad were 132 cases(95.7%). Men were 136 cases (98.6%). By the result of microscopy there were P. falciparum infection (104, 75.4%), P. ovale (13, 9.4%), P. vivax (5, 3.6%), negative (15,10.9%), and no microscopy examination (1, 0.7%). PCR result of 127 cases were from Provincial CDC. Concordance rate of microscopy and PCR results was 80.3%(102/127). At the first visit, 69(50%) cases were correctly diagnosed. 125(90.6%) were hospitalized cases. The morbidity of complication were 63.5% and 10.9% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Conclusion In Erqi District malaria cases were all imported from aboard. No case was infected at home. The majority of cases were infected by P. falciparum. Correct diagnosis rate was low in the first visit.