姿势微笑位口唇对称参考平面的数字化构建及初步应用验证

目的: 探索数字化技术构建姿势微笑(posed smile)位口唇对称参考平面(symmetry reference plane, SRP)的方法,实现姿势微笑位口唇SRP的自动化构建,并评价其初步应用效果。方法: 收集18名研究对象的三维面部和牙列数据,基于赋权普氏分析(weighted Procrustes analysis,WPA)算法和区域迭代最近点(iterative closest point,ICP)算法,分别构建每位受试者WPA算法和初学者ICP算法的姿势微笑位口唇SRP作为实验组,以专家定义的“真值平面(truth plane,TP)”作为对照组,比较WPA算法和初学者ICP算法确定的SRP与TP间的角度差异。将姿势微笑位下WPA算法自动获得的口唇SRP应用于前牙美学修复的数字化设计,进行临床初步应用评价。结果: 18名受试者姿势微笑位下WPA算法建立的口唇SRP与TP角度差异为1.78°±1.24°,初学者ICP算法建立的口唇SRP与TP角度差异为7.41°±4.31°,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在前牙美学设计时,参照姿势微笑位下WPA算法自动获得的口唇SRP进行前牙修复体美学设计,受试者评分为(8.48±0.57)分;常规数字化方案按照原有牙列对称平面进行修复体设计,受试者评分为(5.20±1.31)分,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论: WPA算法自动构建的姿势微笑位口唇SRP较初学者ICP算法更准确,与“真值平面”非常相近,可以为口腔美学分析和设计提供重要参考,参照WPA算法自动构建的口唇SRP进行前牙修复体设计,能有效促进医患交流,提高患者对修复效果的满意度。

Preliminary clinical application verification of complete digital workflow of design lips symmetry reference plane based on posed smile

Objective: To automatically construct lips symmetry reference plane (SRP) based on posed smile, and to evaluate its advantages over conventional digital aesthetic design. Methods: Eighteen subjects’ three-dimensional facial and dentition data were gathered in this study. The lips SRP of experimental groups were used with the standard weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm and iterative closest point (ICP), respectively. A reference plane defined by experts based on regional ICP algorithm, served as the truth plane. The angle error values between the lips SRP of WPA algorithm in the experimental groups and the truth plane were evaluated in this study, and the lips SRP of ICP algorithm of the experimental groups was calculated in the same way. The lips SRP based on posed smile as a reference for aesthetic design and evaluate preliminary clinical application. Results: The average angle error between the lips SRP of WPA algorithm and the truth plane was 1.78°±1.24°, which was smaller than that between the lips SRP of ICP and the truth plane 7.41°±4.31°. There were significant differences in the angle errors among the groups (P<0.05). In the aesthetic design of anterior teeth, automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile and the original symmetry plane by re-ference compared with the prosthetic design, the subjects’ scores on the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile (8.48±0.57) were higher than those on the original symmetry plane (5.20±1.31). Conclusion: Automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile was more accurate than ICP algorithm, which was consistent with the truth plane. Moreover, it can provide an important reference for oral aesthetic diagnosis and aesthetic analysis of the restoration effect. In the aesthetic design of anterior teeth, automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile can improve the patients’ satisfaction in esthetic rehabilitation.