变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原谱分析

目的了解珠海地区变应性鼻炎（AR）患者吸入性变应原分布状况,为AR的防治提供临床参考。方法 2012年4月~2013年3月间针对有A R典型临床症状和体征的患者进行血清特异性Ig E（specific Ig E,s Ig E）检测,对其检测结果及患者的性别、年龄、检测时间等方面的差异进行统计学分析。结果 1986例患者中血清s Ig E阳性率为78.35%（1556/1986）,变应原阳性例数在1~4种的比例占全部患者的84.00%,尘螨为主要变应原;男女之间变应原阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;月份之间变应原阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=52.956,P=0.000）,其中8月份阳性率最高;变应原阳性率与年龄呈负相关。结论珠海地区具有AR临床症状和体征的患者血清s Ig E检测变应原阳性检出率较高,其中4种以上变应原同时过敏者较少,尘螨为主要变应原。变应原阳性率与患者性别无关,与患者的年龄及就诊月份相关。

Prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in patients with allergic rhinitis

OBJECTIVE To determine the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhuhai area, and provide clinical reference for management strategies with regional character. METHODS Patients with symptoms of allergic rhinitis were given serum specific lgE test from April 2012 to March 2013. Among the patients, the distribution of all allergens was analyzed. The positive rate was compared with gender, age, seasons, and so on. RESULTS The ELISA data showed that 1556 cases were positive in 1986 patients, total positive rate was 78.35% （1556/1986）. The positive rate of allergic rhinitis patients with 1 to 4 kinds of allergens were 84.00% and the dust mite was the main positive allergen. There was no significant difference of the positive rate about the allergen between the men and women. There were statistically significant differences among the positive rate of allergen in each month, of which the positive rate was highest in August. CONCLUSION The positive rate of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zhuhai area is high. The patients with allergic rhinitis have 4 kinds or more positive allergens were less and the dust mite is the main positive allergen. The positive rate of allergen has no relationship with the patients＇ gender, but has relationship with the age of patients and the presentation season.