“空巢”老人日常生活活动能力的现状及其影响因素

目的了解＂空巢＂老人日常生活活动能力（activity of daily living,ADL）的现状及其影响因素。方法调查济南市城区4个社区及附近部分县乡＂空巢＂老人日常生活活动能力,应用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归模型分析＂空巢＂老人日常生活活动能力受损的影响因素。结果＂空巢＂老人ADL障碍者为36.8%。经单因素分析,年龄、性别、丧偶、居住状态、日常开支、健康自评、高血压、所患慢性病种类数、抑郁及家庭功能状况对＂空巢＂老人ADL产生影响。经多因素分析,居住状态、健康自评、高血压、所患慢性病种类数、抑郁、家庭功能状况与ADL障碍有关。结论高龄、女性、丧偶、独居、经济状况及健康自评差、患高血压、慢性病种类数多、抑郁和家庭功能差的＂空巢＂老人,ADL易受损,＂空巢＂老人的ADL应受到足够的重视。

Study on Activity of Daily Living and Its Influential Factors in the Elderly of "Empty Nest"

Objective To study the activity of daily living（ADL） and its influential factors in the elderly of ＂empty nest＂.Methods The elderly of ＂empty nest＂ in Ji＇nan and its vicinity were investigated on their ADL by questionnaires.The main influential factors related to ADL were analyzed by single and multiple variable logistic regression model.Results The dysfunction rate of ADL in the elderly of ＂empty nest＂ were 36.8%.The influential factors were age,sex,widowed,living condition,daily expense,health self-evaluation,hypertension,numbers of chronic disease,depression and family functional condition by single analysis.Multiple factor analysis showed that deterioration of ADL was found to be largely associated with living condition,self-evaluation of health,hypertension,numbers of chronic disease,depression and family functional condition.Conclusion The prevalence of disability of ADL in the elderly of ＂empty nest＂ were positively correlated with senility,women,widowed,poor living condition,low income,poor self rated health,hypertension,numbers of chronic disease,depression and poor family functional condition.ADL and its influential factors in the elderly of ＂empty nest＂ deserves its due attention.