浙江省金华市长期照护老年人健康需求分析

目的：探讨不同养老模式下长期照护老年人的健康需求及其对卫生服务利用的影响。方法：抽样调查浙江省金华市8个社区及6家养老机构的长期照护老年人共813例,调查内容包括老人的健康需求、卫生服务利用状况。结果：除听力外,机构长期照护老年人各项健康需求均高于居家者（P〈0．05）,但居家长期照护老年人的两周就诊率、住院率均高于机构（P〈0．05）。多因素分析结果显示,影响居家长期照护老年人卫生服务利用的主要健康需求因素为生活自理能力、不能自理时间、认知能力、慢性病数目;影响机构长期照护老年人卫生服务利用的主要健康需求因素为生活自理能力、语言交流能力、卧床状况。结论：长期照护老年人的健康需求大,健康为影响其卫生服务利用的重要因素。因此,应积极探索构建评估长期照护老年人的综合健康评估体系。

Analysis of the Health Demand among Long - term Care Elderly People in Jinhua,Zhejiang

Objective： To study the health demand and its impact on health service utilization among long - term care elderly under different endowment patterns. Methods： Survey about health demand and utilization was made of 813 long - term care elderly people in 8 communities and 6 pension agencies in Jinhua City Zhejiang Province. Results： Facilitybased sample＇ss health problems were severer than home -based sample expect the hearing （ P 〈 0.05 ）. However, their usages of health service rate were lower （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The main factors affecting utilization of health service for home - based sample were the activities of daily living, the disability time, cognitive function, the number of chronic disease. For facility - based sample the factors were the activities of daily living, language ability, bedridden. Conclusion： The long - term care elderly had great health demand. Health is the major factor affecting usage of health service utilization ; comprehensive health evaluation for long - term care elderly should be actively explored.