脱细胞血管基质制备及体内外生物相容性

背景：利用脱细胞血管基质作为血管支架具有以下优点：脱细胞血管基质保留了自然血管的复杂三维结构；脱细胞基质表面的生长因子和结构域有利于细胞的黏附和浸润。 目的：制备脱细胞血管基质并对其体内外生物相容性进行评价。 方法：采用胰蛋白酶、Triton X-100逐步处理猪颈动脉制备脱细胞血管基质。采用皮下植入实验、急性毒性实验和体外细胞毒性实验等评价其生物相容性。 结果与结论：脱细胞基质材料具有良好的化学稳定性，未释放对红细胞产生破坏溶解作用的有害元素，未引起急性溶血反应，对细胞的生长无毒性影响。脱细胞基质材料在动物体内植入后早期有较多炎性细胞浸润，到实验观察的后期无明显炎性细胞浸润，脱细胞基质内可见成纤维细胞。另外，脱细胞基质材料对周边组织未产生毒性作用，伤口Ⅰ期愈合。同时组织学切片显示：支架材料与周边组织相容性好，未产生排斥反应。说明脱细胞基质材料在动物体内具有很好的生物相容性。 关键词：血管支架；生物相容性；生物材料；脱细胞血管基质；相容性 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.16.010

Preparation and in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility of acellular vascular matrix

BACKGROUND: Acellular vascular matrix as vascular scaffold has following advantages: acellular vascular matrix possesses complicated three-dimensional structure of natural blood vessels. Growth factor and structural domain on the surface of acellular matrix helps for cell adhesion and infiltration. OBJECTIVE: To prepare acellular vascular matrix material and to evaluate its biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: Trypsin and Triton X-100 were used to gradually dispose pig carotid artery and to prepare acellular vascular matrix. The biocompatibility of the material was evaluated by implantation in muscle, acute toxicity experiment and cytotoxicity test in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The acellular vascular matrix material possessed good chemical stability and did not release harmful factors that produced destruction and dissolution in erythrocytes, without acute hemolytic reaction or toxic effects on cell growth. The acellular vascular matrix material showed lots of inflammatory cell infiltration in early stage of implantation, and no significant inflammatory cell infiltration in late stage of observation. Fibroblasts were visible in the acellular matrix. In addition, the acellular matrix material did not exhibit toxic effects on surrounding tissues, showing wound stage I healing. Simultaneously, histological sections demonstrated that there were good compatibility of scaffold material and surrounding tissues, without rejection. These indicated that acellular matrix material presented good biocompatibility in animals.