The Treatment of Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer with Intravesical Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Service, Gregorio Marañon Hospital, Calle Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain;2. National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo kilómetro 9,1, 28034, Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566, Egypt;2. Ministry of Health Laboratories, Tanta, Egypt;3. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Medical City, Riyadh 24251, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Unit, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 24251, Saudi Arabia;1. Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;2. Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;3. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY;4. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;5. Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria;6. Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany;7. Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan;8. Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland;9. Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;10. Department of Urology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada;11. Department of Urology, Hospital Motol, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Praha, Czech Republic;12. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;13. Department of Urology Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France;1. Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea;2. Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy, best indications, and regimens of intravesical adjuvant instillations in case of non–muscle-invasive bladder tumours.MethodsThe authors analyse the most significant articles of the literature to draw recommendations.ResultsThe three main factors that appear to determine a patient's ultimate prognosis are tumour size at presentation, the grade, and the prior recurrence rate per year. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has a beneficial effect in preventing progression, especially in patients with pT1G3 disease and carcinoma in situ. It seems to be important to improve the results achieved so that at least maintenance, whatever it is, may occur. The effectiveness of mitomycin C with relation to progression may, in fact, be diluted because of its lack of effective usage. The recommendation seems to indicate one single early mitomycin C postoperative instillation in patients with superficial low- and intermediate-risk tumours.ConclusionsMitomycin C and BCG are effective agents in both preventing recurrence and progression. It is customary to use mitomycin C in the perceived less aggressive lesions and BCG for patients at higher risk. |
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