生长分化因子5基因转染诱导骨髓基质干细胞分化的研究

目的 探讨人生长分化因子5(GDF5)基因转染对骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)生长及分化的影响.方法 采用脂质体介导法将GDF5基因导人人BMSCs,通过MTT法和流式细胞仪分别检测细胞增殖能力和细胞周期,在光镜和电镜水平观察细胞形态,用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)和免疫细胞化学方法榆测GDF5和Ⅱ型胶原mRNA和蛋白质的表达.柠檬酸铅法检测细胞碱性磷酸酶活性,RT-PCR法检测骨钙素mRNA表达.结果 GDF5在转染细胞内得到稳定表达,转染细胞的增殖能力和细胞周期与未转染细胞基本一致.光镜下转染细胞中多角形细胞相对增多,排列方式不规则.电镜下转染细胞核呈不规则形,细胞器丰富.转染细胞Ⅱ型胶原mRNA和蛋白表达阳性,骨钙素mRNA表达阴性.结论 GDF5基因脂质体法转染BMSCs成功,转染细胞仍保持正常生长增殖特性.GDF5可诱导BMSCs向软骨表型分化,GDF5基因修饰的BMSCs可作为软骨组织上程的候选种子细胞.

Induced differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by gene transfection of growth/differentiation factor-5

Objective To investigate the effects of gene transfection with human growth/differentiation factor 5(GDF5)on the growth and difierentiation of bone nlarrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods GDF5 gene was trans fected into BMSCs by liposome method. Then cell proliferation and cycles were examined by MTT and flow cytometry respectively. Cell morphology was observed under light microscope and electron microscope (EM).GDF5 and Collagen Ⅱ were detected at the level of mRNA and protein by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Alkaline phosphate activity was examined by lead citrate method. Osteocalcin mRNA expression was determined bv RT-PCR. ResulIs GDF5 gene was transfected into BMSCs successfully and the transfected cells still maintained their natural growth and proliferation features. Stable expression of GDF5 gene in BMSCs was obtained. The trans fected ceils had basically the same proliferation ability and cell cycles as the untransfccted ones. After transfection comparatively more polygonal cells could be seen in light microscope, showing irregular arrangement mode. Plenty organells were observed and cell nucleus showed irregular shape under EM. The expressions of Collagen Ⅱ mRNA and protein were positive. But osteocalcin mRNA expression was negative. Conclusion Since BMSCs can be induced by GDF5 to differentiate into chondrogenic cells. GDF5 gene-modified BMSCs may be used as candidate seed cells of cartilage tissue engineering.