2006-2008年四川城乡学生伤害发生流行特征分析

目的了解四川城乡学生伤害发生流行特征,为伤害的预防控制提供科学依据。方法对四川省2006-2008年到6个伤害哨点医院就诊首诊为伤害的大中小学生患者,填写统一的调查表,分析伤害发生的时间、地点、原因等特征。结果3年学生伤害患者共11271例,男女性别比为1.41∶1,小学生占54.30%;伤害原因前3位为跌倒/坠落、动物伤、车祸,城乡同一性别学生之间伤害的原因构成不同,差异具有统计学意义（χ男^2=317.35,P〈0.01;χ女^2=166.97,P〈0.01）;伤害发生地点前3位为家中、学校与公共场所、公共居住场所或公路街道;全年伤害发生时间以3～5月、9～11月较多,1d中以19：00点、9：00点左右较多;伤害动机以非故意伤害占多数,城市为91.32%、农村为89.34%,但自残、自杀分别占0.80%、0.69%。结论跌倒/坠落、动物咬伤、车祸成为四川城乡学生伤害的主要因素,家中和学校为主要伤害地点。

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Students' Injury in Sichuan Urban and Rural From 2006 to 2008

Objective To understand the epidemioligical characteristics of injuries of students in Sichuan and provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Investigate the injured students who first visit the survey hospital from 2006 to 2008, complete a unified questionnaire and analyse the distribution, condition and causes of injuries. Result The male-female ratio of the ll 271 injured cases was 1.41： 1. And most of the injured were primary students （54.30%）. The most inportant three reasons of the injuries in school students are fall, animal bites and traffic accidents. The injury causes categories were different between urban and rural（ΧM^2 = 317.35, P 〈 0.01, ΧF^2 = 166.97, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The students usually get hurted in March- May, September-November, mostly around 19：00 PM and 9：00 AM. Although the majority of injuries were associated with unintentional accidents, suicide and self-mutilation still existed. Conclusion Fall, animal bites and traffic accidents have a great effect on the safety and health of students in Sichuan. We ought to take proper measures to protect students against injuries ccording to the epidemiological characteristics of injury in Sichuan.